Scales, Key Signatures, and Intervals

Identify, construct, and aurally recognize major scales, minor scales, chromatic scales, key signatures, the circle of fifths, and intervals.

Build triads and chords, understand basic harmony, and identify the four main orchestral instrument families.

Perform syncopated rhythms in varied meters and analyze binary, ternary, rondo, and theme-and-variations forms.

Analyze and interpret tempo, dynamics, articulation (including sforzando), and expression markings in notation and performance.

Create original music with notation and digital tools, perform with characteristic timbre and technique, and sight-read independently in varied keys and meters.

Evaluate musical performances using established criteria, demonstrate concert etiquette, explore historical eras, and maintain vocal health.