Morphemes, Prefixes, and Suffixes

Develop phonological awareness by blending, segmenting, deleting, and substituting sounds in spoken words to support reading and spelling.

Read and spell words with vowel digraphs, consonant clusters, silent letters, compound words, double consonants, and the magic 'e' pattern.

Use morphemes, prefixes, and suffixes to spell tricky words, understand word meaning, and build word families.

Develop fluent oral reading by controlling pace, pausing at punctuation, applying word knowledge to unfamiliar words, and self-correcting when meaning breaks down.

Use active comprehension strategies — visualising, predicting, connecting to personal experience and other texts, and summarising — to build understanding of what is read.

Monitor understanding, ask questions, identify literal and inferred meaning, and combine multiple comprehension strategies to read expressively and build deep understanding.

Identify imaginative, informative, and persuasive texts, understand their purposes and audiences, and recognise how their organisation and language features differ.

Navigate print and digital texts using structural features like tables of contents, indexes, and menus, and explain how images add and multiply meaning in texts.

Build compound sentences by joining independent clauses with appropriate coordinating conjunctions.

Extend nouns into noun groups using adjectives and articles, and build verb groups using helper verbs.

Use pronouns and word omission for text cohesion, and apply correct capital letters and commas.

Make conscious vocabulary choices to suit topics and understand how prefixes and suffixes can be used to build and transform words.

Use language to appreciate and respond to texts, and apply new words encountered in reading to one's own writing.

Identify characters and settings in literary texts, explain how they connect, and discuss how they are presented in literature from diverse authors including First Nations Australian and world authors.

Identify how authors use language to present characters and settings, and give reasons for personal preferences about characters and stories.

Identify and experiment with rhythmic, rhyming, and repeated sound patterns in poems and chants, and create original chants and poems using these patterns.

Plan and draft short imaginative, informative, and persuasive texts using appropriate structure and content for each text type.

Enhance drafted texts with varied sentence structures, vocabulary, and punctuation, then edit and publish them for a familiar audience.

Vary interpersonal language choices depending on context and roles, and create and deliver short oral presentations for a familiar audience.

Form upper-case and lower-case letters correctly and write words and short sentences legibly with growing fluency using unjoined letters.

Use a range of interaction skills — active listening, taking turns, expressing and responding to opinions, and giving instructions — in conversations and group discussions.

Identify how the same topic and information are presented differently across imaginative, informative, and persuasive text types.