Cellular Division, Reproduction, and Genetics

Explain cell theory, identify organelles under a microscope, and model passive and active transport across cell membranes.

Analyze how cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems work together to sustain life in animals and humans.

Evaluate physical maturation, endocrine regulation, disease prevention, and the physiological effects of lifestyle decisions.

Investigate plant structures, vascular transport, photosynthesis, transpiration, and compare plant and animal life cycles.

Compare modes of reproduction and cell division, and apply Mendelian principles to predict inheritance patterns.

Compare evolutionary mechanisms, explain how natural selection acts on genetic variation, and examine reasons for extinction.

Model ecological energy transfer, biogeochemical cycling, food web interactions, and the critical importance of conservation units.