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<head>
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  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
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    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #1e2945;
      background: transparent;
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      justify-content: center;
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      max-width: 600px;
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      border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
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      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 12px;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: box-shadow 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;
    }

    /* Left card: Purple Theme */
    .card-p {
      border-color: #e9d5ff;
      background: linear-gradient(180deg, #faf5ff 0%, #ffffff 100%);
    }
    .card-p:active, .card-p.active {
      border-color: #8b5cf6;
      box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.18);
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    /* Right card: Green Theme */
    .card-s {
      border-color: #bbf7d0;
      background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f0fdf4 0%, #ffffff 100%);
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    .card-s:active, .card-s.active {
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      box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.18);
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      width: 64px;
      height: 64px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
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      font-size: 36px;
      font-weight: 900;
      line-height: 1;
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    .term-p {
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    .term-s {
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      color: #14532d;
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    .term-title {
      font-size: 16px;
      font-weight: 800;
      letter-spacing: -0.2px;
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    .term-sub {
      font-size: 11px;
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    .banner {
      margin: 16px auto 0;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 600px;
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 10px 16px;
      text-align: center;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #334155;
    }

    .hl-p {
      color: #7c3aed;
      font-weight: 900;
    }

    .hl-s {
      color: #15803d;
      font-weight: 900;
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        padding: 10px;
      }
      .mnemonic-card {
        padding: 14px 8px;
        gap: 8px;
      }
      .letter-badge {
        width: 52px;
        height: 52px;
        font-size: 30px;
      }
      .term-title {
        font-size: 14px;
      }
      .term-sub {
        font-size: 10px;
      }
      .banner {
        font-size: 12px;
        padding: 8px 10px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="cards-row">
    
    <div class="mnemonic-card card-p active" id="cardP" onclick="highlight('p')">
      <div class="letter-badge letter-p">P</div>
      
      <div class="term-box term-p">
        <div class="term-title">Population</div>
        <div class="term-sub">Entire group</div>
      </div>

      <div class="arrow">↓</div>

      <div class="term-box term-p">
        <div class="term-title">Parameter</div>
        <div class="term-sub">Fixed true value</div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="mnemonic-card card-s active" id="cardS" onclick="highlight('s')">
      <div class="letter-badge letter-s">S</div>
      
      <div class="term-box term-s">
        <div class="term-title">Sample</div>
        <div class="term-sub">Subset group</div>
      </div>

      <div class="arrow">↓</div>

      <div class="term-box term-s">
        <div class="term-title">Statistic</div>
        <div class="term-sub">Calculated value</div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="banner">
    <span class="hl-p">P</span> pairs with <span class="hl-p">P</span> &nbsp;•&nbsp; <span class="hl-s">S</span> pairs with <span class="hl-s">S</span>
  </div>

  <script>
    function highlight(side) {
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      const cardS = document.getElementById('cardS');
      
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        cardS.classList.remove('active');
      } else {
        cardS.classList.add('active');
        cardP.classList.remove('active');
      }
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

Populations, Samples, and Parameters versus Statistics

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    }

    body {
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #1e293b;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
      min-height: 100%;
    }

    /* Mnemonic Header Banner */
    .mnemonic-bar {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 12px;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 6px 12px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .pair-pop { color: #4338ca; background: #e0e7ff; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 4px; }
    .pair-samp { color: #047857; background: #d1fae5; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 4px; }

    /* Segmented Step Controller */
    .nav-tabs {
      display: flex;
      gap: 4px;
      background: #e2e8f0;
      padding: 3px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      overflow-x: auto;
    }
    .nav-btn {
      flex: 1;
      min-width: 70px;
      border: none;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 6px 4px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #64748b;
      border-radius: 6px;
      cursor: pointer;
      white-space: nowrap;
      transition: all 0.2s ease;
    }
    .nav-btn.active {
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #0f172a;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
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    /* 2x2 Comparative Grid */
    .grid-2x2 {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 8px;
      flex: 1;
    }

    .concept-card {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 10px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 6px;
      transition: opacity 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
      position: relative;
    }

    .concept-card.dimmed {
      opacity: 0.35;
      filter: grayscale(40%);
    }

    /* Population Column Themes (Indigo) */
    .card-pop {
      border-color: #cbd5e1;
    }
    .card-pop.highlight {
      border-color: #6366f1;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.25);
    }

    /* Sample Column Themes (Emerald) */
    .card-samp {
      border-color: #cbd5e1;
    }
    .card-samp.highlight {
      border-color: #10b981;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.25);
    }

    .card-top {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: flex-start;
      gap: 4px;
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    .term-title {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      line-height: 1.2;
    }
    .text-pop { color: #4338ca; }
    .text-samp { color: #047857; }

    .badge {
      font-size: 10px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
      padding: 2px 6px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }
    .badge-pop { background: #e0e7ff; color: #4338ca; }
    .badge-samp { background: #d1fae5; color: #047857; }
    .badge-unknown { background: #fef3c7; color: #b45309; }
    .badge-calc { background: #ccfbf1; color: #0f766e; }

    .card-body {
      font-size: 12px;
      color: #334155;
      line-height: 1.35;
    }

    .math-highlight {
      display: inline-block;
      font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 1px 4px;
      border-radius: 3px;
      background: #f1f5f9;
      color: #0f172a;
    }

    /* Insight Bar */
    .insight-box {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 8px 12px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #334155;
      min-height: 38px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 8px;
    }
    .insight-icon {
      font-size: 14px;
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }

    @media (max-width: 480px) {
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      .grid-2x2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 6px; }
      .concept-card { padding: 8px; }
      .term-title { font-size: 12px; }
      .card-body { font-size: 11px; }
      .mnemonic-bar { font-size: 11px; padding: 4px 8px; }
      .nav-btn { font-size: 11px; padding: 5px 2px; }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="mnemonic-bar">
    <span>💡 Rule:</span>
    <span class="pair-pop"><strong>P</strong>opulation ➔ <strong>P</strong>arameter</span>
    <span>•</span>
    <span class="pair-samp"><strong>S</strong>ample ➔ <strong>S</strong>tatistic</span>
  </div>

  
  <div class="nav-tabs" role="tablist">
    <button class="nav-btn active" id="btn-all" onclick="setMode('all')">View All</button>
    <button class="nav-btn" id="btn-groups" onclick="setMode('groups')">1. Groups</button>
    <button class="nav-btn" id="btn-numbers" onclick="setMode('numbers')">2. Numbers</button>
    <button class="nav-btn" id="btn-pairs" onclick="setMode('pairs')">3. P-P vs S-S</button>
  </div>

  
  <div class="grid-2x2">
    
    <div class="concept-card card-pop highlight" id="card-pop">
      <div class="card-top">
        <div class="term-title text-pop">Population</div>
        <span class="badge badge-pop">Entire Group</span>
      </div>
      <div class="card-body">
        All <span class="math-highlight">N = 800</span> students eligible to vote for class president.
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="concept-card card-samp highlight" id="card-samp">
      <div class="card-top">
        <div class="term-title text-samp">Sample</div>
        <span class="badge badge-samp">Subset</span>
      </div>
      <div class="card-body">
        The <span class="math-highlight">n = 50</span> students randomly surveyed by Maya.
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="concept-card card-pop highlight" id="card-param">
      <div class="card-top">
        <div class="term-title text-pop">Parameter (p)</div>
        <span class="badge badge-unknown">Target / Unknown</span>
      </div>
      <div class="card-body">
        The true, unknown proportion of all 800 students backing Alex.
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="concept-card card-samp highlight" id="card-stat">
      <div class="card-top">
        <div class="term-title text-samp">Statistic (p̂)</div>
        <span class="badge badge-calc">Known / Computed</span>
      </div>
      <div class="card-body">
        The calculated sample proportion: <span class="math-highlight">p̂ = 35/50 = 70%</span>.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="insight-box" id="insight-text">
    <span class="insight-icon">🔍</span>
    <span>Click any tab to trace how samples estimate unknown population parameters.</span>
  </div>

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    const cards = {
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      param: document.getElementById('card-param'),
      stat: document.getElementById('card-stat')
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      all: {
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        text: '🔍 Overview: A sample statistic (p̂) estimates the population parameter (p).'
      },
      groups: {
        active: ['pop', 'samp'],
        btn: 'btn-groups',
        text: '👥 Groups: Population is the whole school (N=800); Sample is the surveyed subset (n=50).'
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      numbers: {
        active: ['param', 'stat'],
        btn: 'btn-numbers',
        text: '📊 Values: Parameter (p) is unknown; Statistic (p̂ = 70%) is calculated from the sample.'
      },
      pairs: {
        active: ['pop', 'samp', 'param', 'stat'],
        btn: 'btn-pairs',
        text: '🔗 Remember: P-with-P (Population-Parameter) and S-with-S (Sample-Statistic).'
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      insight.innerHTML = `<span class="insight-icon">✦</span><span>${modes[modeKey].text}</span>`;
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
    }

    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #1e293b;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
      justify-content: center;
      min-height: 100%;
    }

    /* Grid Layout */
    .table-grid {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 8px;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
      margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .grid-row {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1.3fr 1.3fr;
      gap: 8px;
      align-items: stretch;
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    /* Header styling */
    .header-cell {
      padding: 10px 8px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-align: center;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 2px;
      letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    }

    .header-measure {
      background: #f1f5f9;
      color: #475569;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      font-size: 11px;
      letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    }

    .header-pop {
      background: #f5f3ff;
      color: #6d28d9;
      border: 1px solid #ddd6fe;
    }

    .header-sample {
      background: #ecfdf5;
      color: #047857;
      border: 1px solid #a7f3d0;
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    .sub-tag {
      font-size: 10px;
      font-weight: 500;
      opacity: 0.85;
      text-transform: uppercase;
    }

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      cursor: pointer;
      transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
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    .row-card.active .cell-measure {
      background: #e2e8f0;
      color: #0f172a;
      font-weight: 700;
    }

    .row-card.active .cell-pop {
      box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #7c3aed;
      background: #fbf9ff;
    }

    .row-card.active .cell-sample {
      box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #10b981;
      background: #f4fdf8;
    }

    .cell {
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 10px 6px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      text-align: center;
      transition: background-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
    }

    .cell-measure {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #334155;
    }

    .cell-pop {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #ede9fe;
      color: #5b21b6;
    }

    .cell-sample {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #d1fae5;
      color: #065f46;
    }

    .symbol {
      font-size: 20px;
      font-weight: 700;
      font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;
      line-height: 1.1;
    }

    .symbol-name {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #64748b;
      margin-top: 2px;
      font-family: system-ui, sans-serif;
    }

    .cell-pop .symbol-name {
      color: #7c3aed;
    }

    .cell-sample .symbol-name {
      color: #059669;
    }

    /* Tip Banner */
    .tip-banner {
      max-width: 620px;
      margin: 2px auto 0;
      width: 100%;
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px dashed #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 8px 12px;
      font-size: 12px;
      color: #475569;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 6px;
      text-align: center;
      line-height: 1.4;
    }

    .badge-pop {
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 1px 6px;
      background: #ede9fe;
      color: #6d28d9;
      border-radius: 4px;
      font-weight: 600;
      font-size: 11px;
    }

    .badge-sample {
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 1px 6px;
      background: #d1fae5;
      color: #047857;
      border-radius: 4px;
      font-weight: 600;
      font-size: 11px;
    }

    @media (max-width: 420px) {
      body { padding: 8px 6px; gap: 6px; }
      .header-cell { padding: 8px 4px; font-size: 11px; }
      .sub-tag { font-size: 9px; }
      .cell { padding: 8px 4px; }
      .symbol { font-size: 18px; }
      .symbol-name { font-size: 10px; }
      .cell-measure { font-size: 12px; }
      .tip-banner { font-size: 11px; padding: 6px 8px; }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="table-grid">
    
    <div class="grid-row">
      <div class="header-cell header-measure">
        <span>Measure</span>
      </div>
      <div class="header-cell header-pop">
        <span>Population</span>
        <span class="sub-tag">Parameter</span>
      </div>
      <div class="header-cell header-sample">
        <span>Sample</span>
        <span class="sub-tag">Statistic</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="grid-row row-card" onclick="selectRow(this)">
      <div class="cell cell-measure">Size</div>
      <div class="cell cell-pop">
        <span class="symbol">N</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">Capital N</span>
      </div>
      <div class="cell cell-sample">
        <span class="symbol">n</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">Lowercase n</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="grid-row row-card" onclick="selectRow(this)">
      <div class="cell cell-measure">Mean</div>
      <div class="cell cell-pop">
        <span class="symbol">μ</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">mu</span>
      </div>
      <div class="cell cell-sample">
        <span class="symbol">x̄</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">x-bar</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="grid-row row-card" onclick="selectRow(this)">
      <div class="cell cell-measure">Proportion</div>
      <div class="cell cell-pop">
        <span class="symbol">p</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">or P</span>
      </div>
      <div class="cell cell-sample">
        <span class="symbol">p̂</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">p-hat (or p')</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="grid-row row-card" onclick="selectRow(this)">
      <div class="cell cell-measure">Std Dev</div>
      <div class="cell cell-pop">
        <span class="symbol">σ</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">sigma</span>
      </div>
      <div class="cell cell-sample">
        <span class="symbol">s</span>
        <span class="symbol-name">s</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="tip-banner">
    <span>💡 <b>Memory Rule:</b> <span class="badge-pop">Populations = Greek &amp; Capitals</span> vs <span class="badge-sample">Samples = Latin Letters</span></span>
  </div>

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      if (!isAlreadyActive) {
        el.classList.add('active');
      }
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <title>Population vs Sample Soup Metaphor</title>
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #1e293b;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      min-height: 100%;
      padding: 16px 12px;
      user-select: none;
    }

    .canvas-area {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 480px;
      height: 280px;
      position: relative;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
    }

    /* Pot Container (Population) */
    .pot-section {
      width: 52%;
      height: 100%;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: flex-end;
      position: relative;
    }

    .pot-badge {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #c2410c;
      background: #ffedd5;
      padding: 4px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      margin-bottom: 8px;
      border: 1px solid #fed7aa;
      text-align: center;
    }

    .pot-graphic {
      width: 100%;
      height: 190px;
      position: relative;
    }

    /* Spoon Container (Sample) */
    .spoon-section {
      width: 44%;
      height: 100%;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: flex-end;
      position: relative;
    }

    .spoon-badge {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #1d4ed8;
      background: #dbeafe;
      padding: 4px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      margin-bottom: 8px;
      border: 1px solid #bfdbfe;
      text-align: center;
    }

    .spoon-graphic {
      width: 100%;
      height: 190px;
      position: relative;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }

    /* SVG pot styles */
    .pot-body {
      fill: #ea580c;
    }
    .pot-rim {
      fill: #c2410c;
    }
    .pot-soup {
      fill: #fdba74;
    }
    .pot-handle {
      fill: none;
      stroke: #9a3412;
      stroke-width: 7;
      stroke-linecap: round;
    }

    /* Ingredient particles inside soup */
    .soup-contents {
      position: absolute;
      top: 60px;
      left: 18%;
      width: 64%;
      height: 110px;
      pointer-events: none;
      overflow: hidden;
      border-radius: 0 0 50px 50px;
    }
    .veggie {
      position: absolute;
      font-size: 15px;
      line-height: 1;
      opacity: 0.95;
      transition: transform 0.4s ease;
    }

    /* The Animated Spoon */
    #animated-spoon {
      position: absolute;
      top: 15px;
      left: 55%;
      width: 120px;
      height: 140px;
      transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.4, 0.64, 1), opacity 0.3s;
      z-index: 10;
      transform-origin: 20px 20px;
    }

    /* Sample bowl/plate on the right */
    .sample-dish {
      width: 110px;
      height: 110px;
      background: #eff6ff;
      border: 2px dashed #93c5fd;
      border-radius: 50%;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      position: relative;
      box-shadow: inset 0 2px 6px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
    }
    .sample-spoon-art {
      font-size: 42px;
      filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.08));
    }
    .sample-veggies {
      position: absolute;
      font-size: 14px;
      display: flex;
      gap: 2px;
      top: 36px;
      left: 28px;
      transition: opacity 0.4s ease, transform 0.4s ease;
    }

    /* Inference Arrow */
    .inference-banner {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 480px;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 8px 12px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 8px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #334155;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
      margin-top: 6px;
    }
    .arrow-icon {
      color: #3b82f6;
      font-size: 16px;
      font-weight: 900;
    }

    /* Controls */
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      gap: 8px;
      margin-top: 10px;
    }
    .btn {
      background: #f1f5f9;
      color: #334155;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      padding: 8px 16px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      cursor: pointer;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .btn:active {
      background: #e2e8f0;
    }
    .btn-primary {
      background: #3b82f6;
      color: #ffffff;
      border-color: #2563eb;
    }
    .btn-primary:active {
      background: #1d4ed8;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="canvas-area">
    
    <div class="pot-section">
      <div class="pot-badge">🍲 Population (10 Gallons)</div>
      <div class="pot-graphic">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 200 170" width="100%" height="100%">
          
          <path d="M 22 55 C 5 55 5 95 22 95" class="pot-handle" />
          <path d="M 178 55 C 195 55 195 95 178 95" class="pot-handle" />
          
          
          <path d="M 28 48 Q 25 155 100 155 Q 175 155 172 48 Z" class="pot-body" />
          
          <ellipse cx="100" cy="52" rx="68" ry="18" class="pot-soup" />
          
          <ellipse cx="100" cy="46" rx="73" ry="14" fill="none" stroke="#9a3412" stroke-width="4" />
        </svg>

        
        <div class="soup-contents">
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 10px; left: 15%;">🥕</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 15px; left: 60%;">🥔</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 25px; left: 38%;">🧅</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 50px; left: 18%;">🥦</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 55px; left: 70%;">🥕</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 45px; left: 45%;">🫛</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 75px; left: 32%;">🥔</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 70px; left: 58%;">🧅</span>
          <span class="veggie" style="top: 30px; left: 80%;">🫛</span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="spoon-section">
      <div class="spoon-badge">🥄 Sample (1 Spoonful)</div>
      <div class="spoon-graphic">
        <div class="sample-dish">
          <div class="sample-spoon-art">🥄</div>
          <div class="sample-veggies" id="sampleVeg">
            <span>🥕</span>
            <span>🧅</span>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="inference-banner">
    <span>Taste sample</span>
    <span class="arrow-icon">➔</span>
    <span>Know entire soup</span>
  </div>

  
  <div class="controls">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" id="scoopBtn" onclick="takeSample()">
      <span>🥄 Scoop Sample</span>
    </button>
    <button class="btn" id="stirBtn" onclick="stirPot()">
      <span>🔄 Stir Pot</span>
    </button>
  </div>

  <script>
    const sampleVeg = document.getElementById('sampleVeg');
    const veggies = document.querySelectorAll('.veggie');
    const veggieIcons = ['🥕', '🥔', '🧅', '🥦', '🫛', '🌽'];

    let isScooping = false;

    function stirPot() {
      veggies.forEach(v => {
        const dx = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 24;
        const dy = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 20;
        v.style.transform = `translate(${dx}px, ${dy}px)`;
      });
      setTimeout(() => {
        veggies.forEach(v => {
          v.style.transform = 'translate(0px, 0px)';
        });
      }, 500);
    }

    function takeSample() {
      if (isScooping) return;
      isScooping = true;

      // Animate spoon out and back
      sampleVeg.style.opacity = '0';
      sampleVeg.style.transform = 'scale(0.5) translateY(10px)';

      // Pick 2 random items to reflect sample variation
      const item1 = veggieIcons[Math.floor(Math.random() * veggieIcons.length)];
      let item2 = veggieIcons[Math.floor(Math.random() * veggieIcons.length)];
      if (item1 === item2) item2 = '🥕';

      stirPot();

      setTimeout(() => {
        sampleVeg.innerHTML = `<span>${item1}</span><span>${item2}</span>`;
        sampleVeg.style.opacity = '1';
        sampleVeg.style.transform = 'scale(1) translateY(0)';
        isScooping = false;
      }, 400);
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #1e2945;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      width: 100%;
      min-height: 100%;
      padding: 12px;
    }
    .diagram-wrap {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 600px;
      position: relative;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      display: block;
      overflow: visible;
    }
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      gap: 8px;
      justify-content: center;
      margin-top: 12px;
    }
    .btn-toggle {
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #475569;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      padding: 6px 14px;
      border-radius: 20px;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: all 0.25s ease;
    }
    .btn-toggle:hover {
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-color: #94a3b8;
    }
    .btn-toggle.active {
      background: #0284c7;
      color: #ffffff;
      border-color: #0284c7;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.3);
    }
    .person {
      transition: transform 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease, fill 0.3s ease;
    }
    .sample-person {
      transition: transform 0.3s ease, filter 0.3s ease;
    }
    .callout-group {
      transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="diagram-wrap">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 580 380" aria-label="Population versus Sample Diagram">
      <defs>
        
        <g id="student-shape">
          <circle cx="0" cy="-7" r="4.5" />
          <path d="M -7 5.5 C -7 0.5, 7 0.5, 7 5.5 Z" />
        </g>

        
        <filter id="glow" x="-20%" y="-20%" width="140%" height="140%">
          <feDropShadow dx="0" dy="2" stdDeviation="4" flood-color="#0284c7" flood-opacity="0.35"/>
        </filter>
      </defs>

      
      <rect id="pop-box" x="14" y="24" width="552" height="342" rx="18" fill="#f8fafc" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="2" />
      
      
      <g transform="translate(32, 14)">
        <rect x="0" y="0" width="310" height="28" rx="8" fill="#0f172a" />
        <text x="155" y="18" fill="#ffffff" font-size="13" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle" letter-spacing="0.2">
          Population: All 1,200 Students
        </text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="pop-grid" fill="#94a3b8">
        
      </g>

      
      <g id="sample-highlight" filter="url(#glow)">
        
        <rect x="360" y="145" width="180" height="110" rx="20" fill="#e0f2fe" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-dasharray="6 4" />
      </g>

      
      <g id="sample-grid">
        
        <g class="sample-person" transform="translate(395, 182)" fill="#0284c7">
          <use href="#student-shape" />
        </g>
        
        <g class="sample-person" transform="translate(435, 182)" fill="#0d9488">
          <use href="#student-shape" />
        </g>
        
        <g class="sample-person" transform="translate(475, 182)" fill="#d97706">
          <use href="#student-shape" />
        </g>
        
        <g class="sample-person" transform="translate(515, 182)" fill="#7c3aed">
          <use href="#student-shape" />
        </g>
        
        <g class="sample-person" transform="translate(455, 224)" fill="#e11d48">
          <use href="#student-shape" />
        </g>
      </g>

      
      <g id="callout" class="callout-group">
        
        <g transform="translate(345, 105)">
          <rect x="0" y="0" width="210" height="28" rx="8" fill="#0284c7" />
          <text x="105" y="18" fill="#ffffff" font-size="13" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">
            Sample: 30 Students Surveyed
          </text>
        </g>

        
        <path d="M 450 134 L 450 144" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" />

        
        <g transform="translate(345, 266)">
          <rect x="0" y="0" width="210" height="24" rx="6" fill="#f0fdf4" stroke="#16a34a" stroke-width="1.5" />
          <text x="105" y="16" fill="#15803d" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">
            ✦ Subset representing whole
          </text>
        </g>
      </g>
    </svg>

    <div class="controls">
      <button class="btn-toggle active" id="btnAll" onclick="setMode('all')">Whole Population</button>
      <button class="btn-toggle" id="btnSample" onclick="setMode('sample')">Sample Subset</button>
    </div>
  </div>

  <script>
    // Generate the remaining 55 student icons in neutral gray
    const grid = document.getElementById('pop-grid');
    const startX = 48;
    const startY = 72;
    const stepX = 52;
    const stepY = 48;

    for (let r = 0; r < 6; r++) {
      for (let c = 0; c < 10; c++) {
        // Skip positions occupied by the 5 sample students (cols 6-9 in rows 2, and col 7 in row 3)
        if ((r === 2 && c >= 6 && c <= 9) || (r === 3 && c >= 6 && c <= 8)) {
          continue;
        }
        const x = startX + c * stepX;
        const y = startY + r * stepY;
        
        const g = document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'g');
        g.setAttribute('class', 'person');
        g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${x}, ${y})`);
        
        const use = document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'use');
        use.setAttribute('href', '#student-shape');
        g.appendChild(use);
        grid.appendChild(g);
      }
    }

    function setMode(mode) {
      const btnAll = document.getElementById('btnAll');
      const btnSample = document.getElementById('btnSample');
      const popGrid = document.getElementById('pop-grid');
      const popBox = document.getElementById('pop-box');
      const sampleHighlight = document.getElementById('sample-highlight');

      if (mode === 'sample') {
        btnSample.classList.add('active');
        btnAll.classList.remove('active');
        popGrid.style.opacity = '0.25';
        popBox.setAttribute('stroke', '#cbd5e1');
        popBox.setAttribute('fill', '#ffffff');
        sampleHighlight.style.transform = 'scale(1.02)';
        sampleHighlight.style.transformOrigin = '450px 200px';
      } else {
        btnAll.classList.add('active');
        btnSample.classList.remove('active');
        popGrid.style.opacity = '1';
        popBox.setAttribute('stroke', '#94a3b8');
        popBox.setAttribute('fill', '#f8fafc');
        sampleHighlight.style.transform = 'scale(1)';
      }
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

OGM.8.SP.1

Aligned learning resources

Related diagrams