Prime Factorization, GCF, and LCM

Identify factors, factor pairs, multiples, common factors, and apply algorithmic divisibility rules to multi-digit numbers.

Decompose numbers into prime factorizations and apply them to compute greatest common factors and least common multiples.

Evaluate integer powers, simplify products and quotients of powers, and interpret scientific notation.

Calculate and apply square numbers, cube numbers, square roots, and cube roots of perfect powers.

Understand, represent, compare, and order positive and negative integers in real-world contexts and on number lines.

Calculate absolute values, compare magnitude versus order, find intervals across zero, and compute mental additions and subtractions with integers.