Public learning track
Forces, Pushes, Pulls, and Friction in Motion
2nd Grade · Science · Open Global Science
9 lessons
Goal
Investigate how balanced and unbalanced contact forces, friction, collisions, and gravity alter the motion and shape of objects.
Featured Diagrams
Identifying Push and Pull Contact Forces
9 lessons
0 of 9 done
- 1Identifying Push and Pull Contact ForcesUp nextStart
- 2How Force Strength Affects Speed and DistancePremiumNot started yet
- 3Changing Direction with Angled Pushes and PullsNot started yet
- 4Investigating Friction Across Different SurfacesNot started yet
- 5Reducing Friction with Wheels and LubricantsNot started yet
- 6Exploring Gravity as a Downward Pulling ForceNot started yet
- 7Collisions and Energy Transfer Between Moving BallsNot started yet
- 8Balanced and Unbalanced Forces at Rest and MotionNot started yet
- 9Engineering a Protective Bumper for CollisionsNot started yet
Standards Covered
- OGS.3.PS.4Open Global Science Standards 2026™ · Science · Level 3 / Grade 2 (Age 7) · Grade 2Investigate and demonstrate forces, pushes, pulls, collisions, friction, and gravity, explaining how the magnitude and direction of contact and non-contact forces affect the rest, motion, speed, trajectory, and shape of objects.
- OGS.3.SEP.1Open Global Science Standards 2026™ · Science · Level 3 / Grade 2 (Age 7) · Grade 2Ask scientific questions and define engineering problems based on observations of natural phenomena, texts, and investigations, formulate testable predictions and conjectures, and plan and conduct fair descriptive investigations following safe laboratory and field procedures.
- OGS.3.SEP.3Open Global Science Standards 2026™ · Science · Level 3 / Grade 2 (Age 7) · Grade 2Record, sort, organize, analyze, and represent scientific data and observations using tables, drawings, symbols, words, numbers, and simple graphs, identifying patterns, cause-and-effect relationships, and mathematical comparisons between objects.
- OGS.3.SEP.2Open Global Science Standards 2026™ · Science · Level 3 / Grade 2 (Age 7) · Grade 2Select, safely handle, and use conventional and non-conventional scientific tools and measuring instruments (hand lenses, rulers, measuring tapes, thermometers, balances, graduated cylinders, timers, compasses, binoculars, and digital equipment) to observe, measure, quantify, and test physical and biological systems.
- OGS.3.SEP.4Open Global Science Standards 2026™ · Science · Level 3 / Grade 2 (Age 7) · Grade 2Develop, construct, and use physical, pictorial, and conceptual models to represent scientific phenomena, systems, and structures (such as paper bridges, gliders, sound transmitters, stream tables, Sun-Earth-Moon systems, and life cycle models), identifying the advantages and limitations of models.
Curriculum Framework
2nd Grade · Science · Open Global Science
1
9 lessons
Matter: Properties and Reconfigurable Structures
Classify materials by observable properties, test their physical traits, and build complex structures from smaller interchangeable units.
2
9 lessons
Investigating Physical Changes and States of Matter
Differentiate between reversible state changes and irreversible physical alterations through heating, cooling, and mechanical forces.
3
9 lessons
Properties of Water, Air, and Dissolving
Investigate atmospheric and fluid phenomena including air volume, surface tension, buoyancy, and solution separation.
4
9 lessons
Forces, Pushes, Pulls, and Friction in Motion
Investigate how balanced and unbalanced contact forces, friction, collisions, and gravity alter the motion and shape of objects.
5
9 lessons
Sound Energy: Vibrations, Pitch, and Volume
Explain how vibrating matter produces sound, propagates through media, and how vibration rate and size govern pitch and volume.
6
9 lessons
Light Energy: Shadows and Refraction
Investigate straight-line light propagation, shadow formation factors, reflection from flat mirrors, and refraction through lenses and water.
7
9 lessons
Heat Energy: Conduction and Insulation
Investigate thermal conduction, temperature balance, and design thermal barriers to slow heat loss.
8
9 lessons
Magnetism, Static Electricity, and Circuits
Test magnetic poles and orientation, explore static charges, build complete electric circuits, and classify electrical conductors.
9
9 lessons
Plant Anatomy, Water Transport, and Growth
Identify plant organs, investigate water and nutrient transport, examine flower reproduction, and determine seed germination requirements.
10
9 lessons
Animal Classification and Life Cycles
Classify vertebrates into five major groups, contrast vertebrate traits with invertebrates, and model diverse animal life cycles.
11
9 lessons
Invertebrates, Fungi, and Microorganisms
Examine major invertebrate groups, explore fungi roles as decomposers, and investigate helpful and harmful microorganisms.
12
9 lessons
Human Body Systems and Sensory Organs
Investigate human organ systems, test sensory responses, and measure physiological indicators like pulse and breathing rates.
13
9 lessons
Health, Hygiene, and Disease Prevention
Evaluate nutrition balance, dental health, handwashing hygiene, sensory protection, and disease transmission defenses.
14
9 lessons
Ecosystems, Food Chains, and Energy Flow
Construct food chains with producers, consumers, and decomposers, trace solar energy flow, and analyze habitat interdependence.
15
9 lessons
Adaptations, Pollination, and Seed Dispersal
Explain structural and behavioral adaptations, analyze animal-plant mutualism in pollination, and compare seed dispersal mechanisms.
16
9 lessons
Heredity, Traits, Variation, and Fossils
Recognize inherited traits, compare individual variations, and analyze fossil evidence to discover ancient organisms and environmental change.
17
9 lessons
Earth Surface Materials, Soils, and Erosion
Analyze soil composition, classify rocks and minerals, and model weathering and erosion caused by wind and moving water.
18
9 lessons
Weather Instruments, Patterns, and Severe Hazards
Measure meteorological variables with scientific tools, analyze seasonal patterns, and identify safety procedures during severe weather.
19
9 lessons
Sun, Moon Patterns, and the Solar System
Model Sun-Earth-Moon celestial movements, track daytime shadow shifts, explain lunar phases, and explore planets in our solar system.
20
9 lessons
Natural Resources, Mapping, and Conservation
Distinguish renewable from non-renewable resources, navigate local habitats with maps, and design waste reduction and conservation actions.
21
9 lessons
Scientific Inquiry, Engineering Design, and STEM Practices
Formulate testable scientific questions, conduct controlled fair tests, analyze evidence-based conclusions, and explore diverse STEM careers.