Analyze the geography, early dynasties, competing philosophical traditions, and enduring technologies of Ancient China.

Examine Chinese river valley geography, early dynastic rule, major philosophical traditions, imperial unification, and global trade.

Investigate the geography, religious traditions, dynastic government, and regional interactions of Egypt and Kush.

Analyze the geography of the Nile River, dynastic political structures, religion, and the cross-cultural relations between Egypt and Nubia/Kush.

Analyze the geography of the Aegean, compare Athens and Sparta, explore Greek philosophy and arts, and trace Hellenistic diffusion.

Analyze the geography of the Aegean basin, the contrasting societies of Athens and Sparta, the birth of democracy, philosophy, and Hellenistic diffusion.

Explore Indus Valley urbanization, Vedic traditions, early empires, and the origins of Hinduism and Buddhism.

Explore the urban planning of the Indus civilization, Vedic traditions, origins of Hinduism and Buddhism, and the Mauryan and Gupta empires.

Analyze how river systems, irrigation, legal codes, and monumental architecture shaped civilizations in the Fertile Crescent and Nile Valley.

Investigate the geography, city-states, written legal codes, empires, and cultural innovations of ancient Mesopotamia.

Analyze the political structures, technological innovations, and cultural achievements of ancient Mesopotamian societies.

Examine the urban planning of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, and the dynastic rule, philosophical traditions, and technologies of Ancient China.

Analyze the rise of the Roman Republic, transition to Empire, civic institutions, engineering feats, and lasting legal systems.

Examine the Roman Republic's constitutional structures, the transition to imperial rule, engineering triumphs, the spread of Christianity, and Rome's enduring legacy.

Compare systems of government, analyze democratic principles, and apply deliberative decision-making procedures to contemporary civic challenges.

Investigate the wealth, political structures, and architectural achievements of African kingdoms and Indigenous civilizations of the Americas.

Investigate classical and post-classical societies in China, India, the Americas, and medieval Europe, exploring their governance, beliefs, and interactions.

Analyze the political institutions, philosophical traditions, technological innovations, and trade routes of ancient India and China.

Examine the governance, philosophical systems, culture, and legacies of ancient Greece, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire.

Compare governance models, citizenship ideals, legal frameworks, and cultural achievements of Ancient Greece and Rome.

Evaluate the development of direct democracy, republican government, legal codes, and cultural legacies in ancient Greece and Rome.

Compare ancient legal and political systems, examine human rights across eras, connect historical challenges to modern global issues, and engage in informed civic action.

Evaluate the use of warfare, alliances, treaties, and diplomacy in United States history and contemporary global affairs.

Evaluate the early United States economy, technological revolutions in transportation and communication, entrepreneurship, and foreign economic policies.

Analyze the political philosophies, cultural traditions, and regional economic differences that shaped early United States society and government.