Learners will use interaction skills to contribute to conversations and discussions, sharing information and ideas clearly and appropriately.

Learn and practise joined handwriting by forming letters clearly, keeping consistent letter sizes, joining fluently, and applying skills to high-frequency words.

Refine written drafts through editing for grammar, punctuation and spelling, then publish neatly and create multimodal texts combining writing with images or sound.

Identify sound devices such as onomatopoeia and rhythm, and explore how illustrations and literary devices shape reader reactions.

Discuss characters, settings, and events in stories from Australia and around the world, including First Nations Australian perspectives.

Understand how to use modal verbs and evaluative language to express opinions, emotion, and varying levels of force appropriately.

Use apostrophes correctly for contractions and for singular and plural possession, and distinguish between the two uses.

Understand what a clause is and identify subjects and verbs, ensuring they agree in number within sentences.

Identify and classify verbs by their process type, including action, feeling, thinking, speaking, and relating verbs.

Understand past, present, and future tense and learn to keep tense consistent within writing.

Identify how authors use language and illustrations to create characters, settings, and mood in narratives.

Identify the audience and purpose of texts by analysing language features, images, and text type to understand how authors communicate intent.

Use illustrations, diagrams, and photographs to extend, confirm, and add to the meaning provided by the text.

Understand how to use language cooperatively in conversations, adapting tone and formality for different audiences and situations.