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        <div class="formula-badge">Fe<sup>2+</sup> + Cl<sup>−</sup></div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target">iron<span class="hl-blue">(II)</span> chloride</div>
      </div>
      <div class="card-row">
        <div class="formula-badge">Fe<sup>3+</sup> + Cl<sup>−</sup></div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target">iron<span class="hl-blue">(III)</span> chloride</div>
      </div>
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        <div class="formula-badge">CO</div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target">carbon <span class="hl-prefix">mon</span>oxide</div>
      </div>
      <div class="card-row">
        <div class="formula-badge">CO<sub>2</sub></div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target">carbon <span class="hl-prefix">di</span>oxide</div>
      </div>
      <div class="card-row">
        <div class="formula-badge">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub></div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target"><span class="hl-prefix">di</span>nitrogen <span class="hl-prefix">tetr</span>oxide</div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="section-panel" id="sec-2">
      <div class="card-row">
        <div class="formula-badge">CH<sub>3</sub>COOH</div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target">
          <span class="crossed">acetic acid</span>
          <span class="hl-green">ethanoic acid</span>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="card-row">
        <div class="formula-badge">C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>OH</div>
        <div class="arrow">→</div>
        <div class="name-target">
          <span class="crossed">isopropanol</span>
          <span class="hl-green">propan-2-ol</span>
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Communicating Scientific Findings Using Correct Terminology

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  <title>Binomial Nomenclature Anatomy</title>
  <style>
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    body {
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      color: #1e293b;
      padding: 16px;
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      user-select: none;
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    /* Mode switcher */
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      gap: 8px;
      background: #e2e8f0;
      padding: 4px;
      border-radius: 999px;
      margin-bottom: 12px;
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    .tab-btn {
      border: none;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 6px 14px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #64748b;
      border-radius: 999px;
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      transition: all 0.2s ease;
    }

    .tab-btn.active {
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #0f172a;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    }

    /* Main Display Area */
    .stage {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 520px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 16px;
    }

    /* Anatomy Box */
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      width: 100%;
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      border-radius: 16px;
      padding: 24px 16px 20px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      position: relative;
    }

    .name-container {
      display: flex;
      align-items: baseline;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 10px;
      font-size: 32px;
      font-weight: 500;
      margin-bottom: 24px;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
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      font-style: italic;
      font-family: "Georgia", serif;
      text-decoration: none;
    }

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      font-family: "Comic Sans MS", "Caveat", cursive, sans-serif;
      text-decoration: underline;
      text-underline-offset: 6px;
      text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
    }

    .genus-part {
      color: #0284c7;
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    }

    .species-part {
      color: #16a34a;
      display: inline-flex;
    }

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      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      padding: 10px 8px;
      border-radius: 10px;
      text-align: center;
      border: 1px solid transparent;
    }

    .genus-tag {
      background: #f0f9ff;
      border-color: #bae6fd;
    }

    .species-tag {
      background: #f0fdf4;
      border-color: #bbf7d0;
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      font-size: 15px;
      font-weight: 700;
      margin-bottom: 2px;
    }

    .genus-tag .tag-title { color: #0369a1; }
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      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
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</head>
<body class="mode-print">

  
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  </div>

  <div class="stage">
    
    <div class="anatomy-card">
      <div class="name-container">
        <span class="name-text genus-part" id="genus-display">Escherichia</span>
        <span class="name-text species-part" id="species-display">coli</span>
      </div>

      <div class="labels-grid">
        <div class="label-tag genus-tag">
          <span class="arrow-up">▲</span>
          <span class="tag-title">Genus</span>
          <span class="tag-sub">Capitalised</span>
        </div>

        <div class="label-tag species-tag">
          <span class="arrow-up">▲</span>
          <span class="tag-title">Species</span>
          <span class="tag-sub">lowercase</span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="abbrev-card">
      <div class="abbrev-step">
        <span class="step-badge">1st Mention</span>
        <span class="step-val name-text"><em>Escherichia coli</em></span>
      </div>

      <span class="step-arrow">→</span>

      <div class="abbrev-step">
        <span class="step-badge">Later Mentions</span>
        <span class="step-val name-text"><em><span style="color:#0284c7">E.</span> <span style="color:#16a34a">coli</span></em></span>
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  <title>Scientific Terminology Inspection</title>
  <style>
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      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
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      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #1e293b;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
      min-height: 100%;
    }

    /* Stepper / Filter Bar */
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      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 8px;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
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      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
      color: #64748b;
    }
    .pill-group {
      display: flex;
      gap: 4px;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
    .pill {
      background: #e2e8f0;
      border: none;
      border-radius: 9999px;
      padding: 4px 10px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
      cursor: pointer;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
      transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
    }
    .pill:hover {
      background: #cbd5e1;
    }
    .pill.active {
      background: #2563eb;
      color: #ffffff;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(37,99,235,0.3);
    }

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      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 10px;
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        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      }
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      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 12px 14px;
      font-size: 14px;
      line-height: 1.6;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 8px;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
      position: relative;
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    .panel-header {
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      font-size: 12px;
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    }

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      border: 1.5px solid #fecdd3;
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    }
    .panel-draft .panel-header {
      color: #e11d48;
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    .panel-report {
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      color: #16a34a;
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      font-size: 14px;
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      display: inline-block;
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      background: #ffe4e6;
      color: #be123c;
      text-decoration: line-through;
      text-decoration-thickness: 1.5px;
    }
    .token-report {
      background: #dcfce7;
      color: #15803d;
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      outline: none;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #2563eb, 0 2px 6px rgba(37,99,235,0.25);
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      background: #fecdd3;
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    }

    .token.dimmed {
      opacity: 0.45;
      filter: grayscale(40%);
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    .rule-icon {
      font-size: 20px;
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      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      width: 34px;
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      border-radius: 8px;
      background: #eff6ff;
    }
    .rule-body {
      flex: 1;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 2px;
    }
    .rule-tag {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
      color: #2563eb;
    }
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      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #334155;
      line-height: 1.4;
    }
    .rule-text b {
      color: #0f172a;
    }

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      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 8px;
      margin-top: auto;
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      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 6px;
      padding: 5px 12px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #334155;
      cursor: pointer;
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      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
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      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-color: #94a3b8;
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      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
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</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="nav-bar">
    <div class="nav-title">GCSE Terminology Standards</div>
    <div class="pill-group" id="pillGroup">
      <button class="pill active" data-index="0">All</button>
      <button class="pill" data-index="1">1. Volume</button>
      <button class="pill" data-index="2">2. IUPAC Name</button>
      <button class="pill" data-index="3">3. Mass</button>
      <button class="pill" data-index="4">4. Temperature</button>
      <button class="pill" data-index="5">5. Genus/Species</button>
      <button class="pill" data-index="6">6. SI Index</button>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="comparison-grid">
    
    
    <div class="panel panel-draft">
      <div class="panel-header">
        <span>❌ Informal / Draft</span>
        <span>Non-standard</span>
      </div>
      <div class="content-box">
        We added <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="1">50cc</span> of <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="2">copper sulfate</span> solution to <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="3">5.2gm</span> of <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="2">iron dust</span>. The temperature <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="4">jumped 14 degrees C</span> and produced <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="5">e. Coli bacteria</span> in the <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="2">runoff</span> at <span class="token token-draft" data-rule="6">2.4 m/s</span>.
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="panel panel-report">
      <div class="panel-header">
        <span>✅ Formal Scientific Report</span>
        <span>IUPAC / SI</span>
      </div>
      <div class="content-box">
        We added <span class="token token-report" data-rule="1">50.0 cm³</span> of <span class="token token-report" data-rule="2">copper(II) sulfate</span> solution to <span class="token token-report" data-rule="3">5.20 g</span> of <span class="token token-report" data-rule="2">iron powder</span>. The temperature <span class="token token-report" data-rule="4">increased by 14.0 °C</span>, and <span class="token token-report" data-rule="5"><i>Escherichia coli</i></span> was detected in the <span class="token token-report" data-rule="2">effluent</span> moving at <span class="token token-report" data-rule="6">2.4 m s⁻¹</span>.
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        tag: "1. SI Unit of Volume",
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        <span>📐</span> Spacing & Exponents
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        <line x1="30" y1="8" x2="470" y2="8" stroke="#334155" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" />

        
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Accuracy, Precision and Sources of Error in Measurements

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    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #1e293b;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
    }

    /* Target Bar */
    .target-banner {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 6px 12px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
    }
    .target-val {
      color: #0284c7;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px;
    }

    /* Filter Controls */
    .filter-bar {
      display: flex;
      gap: 6px;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
    .filter-btn {
      flex: 1 1 auto;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 6px;
      padding: 6px 10px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
      cursor: pointer;
      text-align: center;
      transition: background-color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
    }
    .filter-btn.active {
      background: #0284c7;
      border-color: #0284c7;
      color: #ffffff;
    }

    /* Grid of Cards */
    .cards-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      gap: 8px;
    }
    @media (max-width: 540px) {
      .cards-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      }
    }

    .group-card {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 10px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 8px;
      transition: opacity 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
    }
    .group-card.dimmed {
      opacity: 0.35;
    }
    .group-card.highlighted {
      border-color: #0284c7;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.2);
    }

    .card-header {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
    }

    /* SVG Strip Chart */
    .chart-container {
      width: 100%;
      height: 48px;
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-radius: 6px;
      overflow: hidden;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      display: block;
    }

    /* Data Row */
    .data-row {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      font-size: 11px;
      background: #f8fafc;
      padding: 4px 6px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    }
    .data-item {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
    }
    .data-label {
      color: #64748b;
      font-size: 9px;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      font-weight: 600;
    }
    .data-value {
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
    }

    /* Badges */
    .badges-container {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 4px;
    }
    .badge-row {
      display: flex;
      gap: 4px;
    }
    .badge {
      flex: 1;
      font-size: 10px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 3px 4px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      text-align: center;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }
    .badge-good {
      background: #dcfce7;
      color: #15803d;
      border: 1px solid #86efac;
    }
    .badge-bad {
      background: #fee2e2;
      color: #b91c1c;
      border: 1px solid #fca5a5;
    }

    .error-tag {
      font-size: 10px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 4px 6px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      text-align: center;
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      color: #334155;
    }
    .tag-systematic {
      background: #fef3c7;
      color: #92400e;
      border-color: #fde68a;
    }
    .tag-random {
      background: #ffedd5;
      color: #9a3412;
      border-color: #fed7aa;
    }
    .tag-ideal {
      background: #ecfdf5;
      color: #065f46;
      border-color: #a7f3d0;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="target-banner">
    <span>True Boiling Point</span>
    <span class="target-val">🎯 100.0°C</span>
  </div>

  
  <div class="filter-bar">
    <button class="filter-btn active" data-filter="all">All Groups</button>
    <button class="filter-btn" data-filter="group-a">Group A</button>
    <button class="filter-btn" data-filter="group-b">Group B</button>
    <button class="filter-btn" data-filter="group-c">Group C</button>
  </div>

  
  <div class="cards-grid">

    
    <div class="group-card" id="card-group-a">
      <div class="card-header">
        <span>Group A</span>
        <span style="font-size: 11px; color: #64748b;">3 Trials</span>
      </div>

      
      <div class="chart-container">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 200 48">
          
          <line x1="20" y1="36" x2="180" y2="36" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="2" />
          <text x="20" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#94a3b8" text-anchor="middle">97°</text>
          <text x="80" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#0284c7" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">100°</text>
          <text x="170" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#94a3b8" text-anchor="middle">106°</text>

          
          <line x1="80" y1="4" x2="80" y2="34" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="2,2" />

          
          <circle cx="147.5" cy="18" r="4.5" fill="#ea580c" opacity="0.85" />
          <circle cx="149.0" cy="12" r="4.5" fill="#ea580c" opacity="0.85" />
          <circle cx="147.5" cy="24" r="4.5" fill="#ea580c" opacity="0.85" />

          
          <polygon points="148,29 144,35 152,35" fill="#c2410c" />
        </svg>
      </div>

      <div class="data-row">
        <div class="data-item">
          <span class="data-label">Mean (x̄)</span>
          <span class="data-value">104.5°C</span>
        </div>
        <div class="data-item">
          <span class="data-label">Range (R)</span>
          <span class="data-value">0.1°C</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="badges-container">
        <div class="badge-row">
          <span class="badge badge-good">High Precision</span>
          <span class="badge badge-bad">Low Accuracy</span>
        </div>
        <div class="error-tag tag-systematic">Systematic Error</div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="group-card" id="card-group-b">
      <div class="card-header">
        <span>Group B</span>
        <span style="font-size: 11px; color: #64748b;">3 Trials</span>
      </div>

      
      <div class="chart-container">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 200 48">
          
          <line x1="20" y1="36" x2="180" y2="36" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="2" />
          <text x="20" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#94a3b8" text-anchor="middle">97°</text>
          <text x="80" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#0284c7" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">100°</text>
          <text x="170" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#94a3b8" text-anchor="middle">106°</text>

          
          <line x1="80" y1="4" x2="80" y2="34" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="2,2" />

          
          <circle cx="51.5" cy="18" r="4.5" fill="#ea580c" opacity="0.85" />
          <circle cx="80.0" cy="18" r="4.5" fill="#16a34a" opacity="0.85" />
          <circle cx="108.5" cy="18" r="4.5" fill="#ea580c" opacity="0.85" />

          
          <polygon points="80,29 76,35 84,35" fill="#16a34a" />
        </svg>
      </div>

      <div class="data-row">
        <div class="data-item">
          <span class="data-label">Mean (x̄)</span>
          <span class="data-value">100.0°C</span>
        </div>
        <div class="data-item">
          <span class="data-label">Range (R)</span>
          <span class="data-value">3.8°C</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="badges-container">
        <div class="badge-row">
          <span class="badge badge-bad">Low Precision</span>
          <span class="badge badge-good">High Accuracy</span>
        </div>
        <div class="error-tag tag-random">Random Error</div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="group-card" id="card-group-c">
      <div class="card-header">
        <span>Group C</span>
        <span style="font-size: 11px; color: #64748b;">3 Trials</span>
      </div>

      
      <div class="chart-container">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 200 48">
          
          <line x1="20" y1="36" x2="180" y2="36" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="2" />
          <text x="20" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#94a3b8" text-anchor="middle">97°</text>
          <text x="80" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#0284c7" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">100°</text>
          <text x="170" y="45" font-size="8" fill="#94a3b8" text-anchor="middle">106°</text>

          
          <line x1="80" y1="4" x2="80" y2="34" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="2,2" />

          
          <circle cx="81.5" cy="12" r="4.5" fill="#16a34a" opacity="0.85" />
          <circle cx="80.0" cy="18" r="4.5" fill="#16a34a" opacity="0.85" />
          <circle cx="81.5" cy="24" r="4.5" fill="#16a34a" opacity="0.85" />

          
          <polygon points="81,29 77,35 85,35" fill="#16a34a" />
        </svg>
      </div>

      <div class="data-row">
        <div class="data-item">
          <span class="data-label">Mean (x̄)</span>
          <span class="data-value">100.1°C</span>
        </div>
        <div class="data-item">
          <span class="data-label">Range (R)</span>
          <span class="data-value">0.1°C</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="badges-container">
        <div class="badge-row">
          <span class="badge badge-good">High Precision</span>
          <span class="badge badge-good">High Accuracy</span>
        </div>
        <div class="error-tag tag-ideal">Minimal Error</div>
      </div>
    </div>

  </div>

  <script src="{{VENDOR_CDN}}/classace-diagram.js"></script>
  <script>
    const filterBtns = document.querySelectorAll('.filter-btn');
    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.group-card');

    filterBtns.forEach(btn => {
      btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
        filterBtns.forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));
        btn.classList.add('active');

        const filter = btn.getAttribute('data-filter');

        cards.forEach(card => {
          if (filter === 'all') {
            card.classList.remove('dimmed', 'highlighted');
          } else {
            if (card.id === `card-${filter}`) {
              card.classList.remove('dimmed');
              card.classList.add('highlighted');
            } else {
              card.classList.add('dimmed');
              card.classList.remove('highlighted');
            }
          }
        });
      });
    });

    // Tap card directly to filter
    cards.forEach(card => {
      card.addEventListener('click', () => {
        const id = card.id.replace('card-', '');
        const targetBtn = document.querySelector(`.filter-btn[data-filter="${id}"]`);
        if (targetBtn) targetBtn.click();
      });
    });
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="1:1">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #1e2945;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 6px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      min-height: 100%;
    }
    .grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 8px;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 440px;
    }
    .target-card {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 8px 6px 6px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
      cursor: pointer;
      user-select: none;
    }
    .target-card:hover {
      border-color: #cbd5e1;
      box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    }
    .target-card.active {
      border-color: #22b7ff;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(34, 183, 255, 0.25);
    }
    .badges {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 4px;
      margin-bottom: 4px;
      width: 100%;
    }
    .badge {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 2px 6px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      letter-spacing: 0.2px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }
    .badge-high {
      background: #dcfce7;
      color: #15803d;
      border: 1px solid #bbf7d0;
    }
    .badge-low {
      background: #fee2e2;
      color: #b91c1c;
      border: 1px solid #fecaca;
    }
    .svg-wrap {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 130px;
      aspect-ratio: 1;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      display: block;
    }
    .dart {
      fill: #ef4444;
      stroke: #ffffff;
      stroke-width: 1.5;
      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.3));
    }
    .mean-marker {
      fill: #3b82f6;
      stroke: #ffffff;
      stroke-width: 1.5;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
    }
    .mean-ring {
      fill: none;
      stroke: #3b82f6;
      stroke-width: 1.5;
      stroke-dasharray: 2 2;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
    }
    body.show-means .mean-marker,
    body.show-means .mean-ring {
      opacity: 1;
    }
    .controls {
      margin-top: 8px;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 8px;
    }
    .toggle-btn {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      color: #1e2945;
      padding: 5px 12px;
      border-radius: 20px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      cursor: pointer;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      transition: all 0.2s ease;
    }
    .toggle-btn.active {
      background: #eff6ff;
      border-color: #3b82f6;
      color: #1d4ed8;
    }
    .indicator-dot {
      width: 7px;
      height: 7px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      background: #94a3b8;
    }
    .toggle-btn.active .indicator-dot {
      background: #3b82f6;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="grid">
    
    <div class="target-card" onclick="toggleActive(this)">
      <div class="badges">
        <span class="badge badge-high">Acc: High</span>
        <span class="badge badge-high">Prec: High</span>
      </div>
      <div class="svg-wrap">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 120 120">
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="54" fill="#f8fafc" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="40" fill="#e2e8f0" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="26" fill="#bfdbfe" stroke="#93c5fd" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="12" fill="#fef08a" stroke="#facc15" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="4" fill="#f59e0b"/>
          
          <circle class="dart" cx="59" cy="58" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="61" cy="62" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="62" cy="59" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="58" cy="61" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="60" cy="60" r="3.5"/>
          
          <circle class="mean-ring" cx="60" cy="60" r="6"/>
          <polygon class="mean-marker" points="60,56 64,60 60,64 56,60"/>
        </svg>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="target-card" onclick="toggleActive(this)">
      <div class="badges">
        <span class="badge badge-low">Acc: Low</span>
        <span class="badge badge-high">Prec: High</span>
      </div>
      <div class="svg-wrap">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 120 120">
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="54" fill="#f8fafc" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="40" fill="#e2e8f0" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="26" fill="#bfdbfe" stroke="#93c5fd" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="12" fill="#fef08a" stroke="#facc15" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="4" fill="#f59e0b"/>
          
          <circle class="dart" cx="92" cy="27" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="95" cy="30" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="90" cy="32" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="94" cy="26" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="89" cy="29" r="3.5"/>
          
          <circle class="mean-ring" cx="92" cy="29" r="6"/>
          <polygon class="mean-marker" points="92,25 96,29 92,33 88,29"/>
        </svg>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="target-card" onclick="toggleActive(this)">
      <div class="badges">
        <span class="badge badge-high">Acc: High</span>
        <span class="badge badge-low">Prec: Low</span>
      </div>
      <div class="svg-wrap">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 120 120">
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="54" fill="#f8fafc" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="40" fill="#e2e8f0" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="26" fill="#bfdbfe" stroke="#93c5fd" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="12" fill="#fef08a" stroke="#facc15" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="4" fill="#f59e0b"/>
          
          <circle class="dart" cx="28" cy="40" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="92" cy="80" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="42" cy="88" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="78" cy="32" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="60" cy="60" r="3.5"/>
          
          <circle class="mean-ring" cx="60" cy="60" r="6"/>
          <polygon class="mean-marker" points="60,56 64,60 60,64 56,60"/>
        </svg>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="target-card" onclick="toggleActive(this)">
      <div class="badges">
        <span class="badge badge-low">Acc: Low</span>
        <span class="badge badge-low">Prec: Low</span>
      </div>
      <div class="svg-wrap">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 120 120">
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="54" fill="#f8fafc" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="40" fill="#e2e8f0" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="26" fill="#bfdbfe" stroke="#93c5fd" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="12" fill="#fef08a" stroke="#facc15" stroke-width="1.5"/>
          <circle cx="60" cy="60" r="4" fill="#f59e0b"/>
          
          <circle class="dart" cx="88" cy="25" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="100" cy="55" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="75" cy="95" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="95" cy="82" r="3.5"/>
          <circle class="dart" cx="65" cy="30" r="3.5"/>
          
          <circle class="mean-ring" cx="85" cy="57" r="6"/>
          <polygon class="mean-marker" points="85,53 89,57 85,61 81,57"/>
        </svg>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="controls">
    <button class="toggle-btn" id="meanToggle" onclick="toggleMean()">
      <span class="indicator-dot"></span>
      <span>Show Average (◆)</span>
    </button>
  </div>

  <script>
    function toggleMean() {
      const isShowing = document.body.classList.toggle('show-means');
      document.getElementById('meanToggle').classList.toggle('active', isShowing);
    }

    function toggleActive(card) {
      document.querySelectorAll('.target-card').forEach(c => {
        if (c !== card) c.classList.remove('active');
      });
      card.classList.toggle('active');
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #1e2945;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 12px;
      max-width: 580px;
      margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .grid-2 {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 10px;
    }

    .panel {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1.5px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 10px 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 4px;
    }

    .panel-title {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    }

    .pred { border-color: #93c5fd; background: #eff6ff; }
    .pred .panel-title { color: #1d4ed8; }

    .obs { border-color: #cbd5e1; background: #f8fafc; }
    .obs .panel-title { color: #334155; }

    .stat-row {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: baseline;
      font-size: 13px;
      color: #475569;
    }

    .stat-val {
      font-weight: 700;
      font-size: 15px;
      color: #0f172a;
    }

    /* Chart Area */
    .chart-box {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 14px 16px 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
    }

    .chart-header {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #64748b;
    }

    .match-tag {
      background: #dcfce7;
      color: #15803d;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 2px 8px;
      border-radius: 12px;
      border: 1px solid #86efac;
    }

    .bars-container {
      display: flex;
      align-items: flex-end;
      justify-content: space-around;
      height: 120px;
      padding-top: 20px;
      border-bottom: 2px solid #cbd5e1;
      position: relative;
    }

    .bar-group {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      width: 42%;
      height: 100%;
      justify-content: flex-end;
    }

    .bar-wrapper {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      display: flex;
      align-items: flex-end;
      justify-content: center;
      position: relative;
    }

    .bar {
      width: 54px;
      max-width: 80%;
      border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
      transition: height 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: flex-start;
      padding-top: 4px;
      color: #ffffff;
      font-weight: 700;
      font-size: 12px;
    }

    .bar-low {
      height: 49%;
      background: #94a3b8;
    }

    .bar-high {
      height: 100%;
      background: #2563eb;
    }

    .bar-label {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
      text-align: center;
    }

    /* Target line indicator */
    .target-line {
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
      left: 10%;
      right: 10%;
      border-top: 2px dashed #3b82f6;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: flex-end;
      pointer-events: none;
    }

    .target-label {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #2563eb;
      background: #eff6ff;
      padding: 1px 6px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      transform: translateY(-50%);
    }

    /* Verdict */
    .verdict-badge {
      background: #16a34a;
      color: #ffffff;
      padding: 10px 16px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      font-size: 15px;
      font-weight: 700;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 8px;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(22, 163, 74, 0.2);
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="grid-2">
    <div class="panel pred">
      <div class="panel-title">Prediction</div>
      <div class="stat-row">
        <span>Factor</span>
        <span class="stat-val">2.0× (+100%)</span>
      </div>
      <div class="stat-row">
        <span>Target</span>
        <span class="stat-val">30.0 mL/min</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="panel obs">
      <div class="panel-title">Observed Data</div>
      <div class="stat-row">
        <span>0.5 M Rate</span>
        <span class="stat-val">14.8 mL/min</span>
      </div>
      <div class="stat-row">
        <span>1.0 M Rate</span>
        <span class="stat-val">30.2 mL/min</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="chart-box">
    <div class="chart-header">
      <span>Measured Gas Rate</span>
      <span class="match-tag">+104% (Matches 2×)</span>
    </div>

    <div class="bars-container">
      <div class="target-line">
        <span class="target-label">Predicted 2× (30.0)</span>
      </div>

      <div class="bar-group">
        <div class="bar-wrapper">
          <div class="bar bar-low">14.8</div>
        </div>
        <div class="bar-label">0.5 M</div>
      </div>

      <div class="bar-group">
        <div class="bar-wrapper">
          <div class="bar bar-high">30.2</div>
        </div>
        <div class="bar-label">1.0 M</div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="verdict-badge">
    <span>✓</span>
    <span>Verdict: Hypothesis Supported</span>
  </div>

</body>
</html>

Evaluating Whether Data Supports or Refutes a Hypothesis

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
    }

    body {
      width: 100%;
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #1e2945;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      min-height: 100%;
    }

    .diagram-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 12px;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 600px;
      margin-bottom: 14px;
    }

    @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .diagram-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 10px;
      }
    }

    .panel {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 14px 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      text-align: center;
    }

    .panel.prediction {
      border-style: dashed;
      background: #fcfdfe;
    }

    .panel.observed {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
    }

    .panel-title {
      font-size: 15px;
      font-weight: 700;
      margin-bottom: 12px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    .trend-tag {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 3px 8px;
      border-radius: 20px;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px;
    }

    .tag-up {
      background: #e0f2fe;
      color: #0369a1;
    }

    .tag-down {
      background: #fee2e2;
      color: #b91c1c;
    }

    .chart-area {
      display: flex;
      align-items: flex-end;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 16px;
      height: 130px;
      width: 100%;
      padding-top: 10px;
      border-bottom: 2px solid #cbd5e1;
      margin-bottom: 8px;
    }

    .bar-group {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      height: 100%;
      justify-content: flex-end;
      width: 58px;
    }

    .bar-val {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      margin-bottom: 4px;
    }

    .bar {
      width: 100%;
      border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
      transition: height 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    }

    .bar-pred-1 {
      height: 50%;
      background: #94a3b8;
    }

    .bar-pred-2 {
      height: 100%;
      background: repeating-linear-gradient(
        45deg,
        #3b82f6,
        #3b82f6 6px,
        #60a5fa 6px,
        #60a5fa 12px
      );
    }

    .bar-obs-1 {
      height: 80%;
      background: #64748b;
    }

    .bar-obs-2 {
      height: 20%;
      background: #ef4444;
    }

    .bar-label {
      font-size: 12px;
      color: #64748b;
      margin-top: 4px;
      font-weight: 600;
    }

    .verdict-badge {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 600px;
      background: #fef2f2;
      border: 1.5px solid #ef4444;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 10px 14px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 8px;
      color: #991b1b;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-align: center;
    }

    .verdict-icon {
      font-size: 18px;
      line-height: 1;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="diagram-grid">
    
    <div class="panel prediction">
      <div class="panel-title">
        <span>Prediction</span>
        <span class="trend-tag tag-up">▲ Increase</span>
      </div>

      <div class="chart-area">
        <div class="bar-group">
          <span class="bar-val">12.0 Ω</span>
          <div class="bar bar-pred-1"></div>
          <span class="bar-label">0.2 mm</span>
        </div>
        <div class="bar-group">
          <span class="bar-val">24.0 Ω</span>
          <div class="bar bar-pred-2"></div>
          <span class="bar-label">0.4 mm</span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="panel observed">
      <div class="panel-title">
        <span>Observed Data</span>
        <span class="trend-tag tag-down">▼ 4× Drop</span>
      </div>

      <div class="chart-area">
        <div class="bar-group">
          <span class="bar-val">12.0 Ω</span>
          <div class="bar bar-obs-1"></div>
          <span class="bar-label">0.2 mm</span>
        </div>
        <div class="bar-group">
          <span class="bar-val">3.0 Ω</span>
          <div class="bar bar-obs-2"></div>
          <span class="bar-label">0.4 mm</span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="verdict-badge">
    <span class="verdict-icon">✕</span>
    <span>Verdict: Hypothesis Refuted (Opposite trend observed)</span>
  </div>

</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #1e293b;
      padding: 10px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
      user-select: none;
    }

    /* Comparison Grid */
    .compare-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 10px;
    }

    .col-card {
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 10px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    .col-avoid {
      background: #fef2f2;
      border: 1px solid #fecaca;
    }

    .col-use {
      background: #f0fdf4;
      border: 1px solid #bbf7d0;
    }

    .col-header {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 5px;
      letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    }

    .col-avoid .col-header { color: #b91c1c; }
    .col-use .col-header { color: #15803d; }

    .phrase-list {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 5px;
    }

    .phrase-item {
      font-size: 12px;
      line-height: 1.3;
      padding: 5px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      background: #ffffff;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      font-weight: 500;
    }

    .col-avoid .phrase-item {
      color: #7f1d1d;
      border-left: 3px solid #ef4444;
      text-decoration: line-through;
      text-decoration-color: #ef4444;
    }

    .col-use .phrase-item {
      color: #14532d;
      border-left: 3px solid #22c55e;
    }

    /* 3-Step Writing Template */
    .template-section {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 10px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 8px;
    }

    .section-title {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #475569;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.05em;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
    }

    .step-buttons {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    .step-btn {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 6px;
      padding: 8px 6px;
      text-align: left;
      cursor: pointer;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 2px;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
      transition: all 0.2s ease;
    }

    .step-btn:hover {
      border-color: #0284c7;
    }

    .step-btn.active {
      background: #f0f9ff;
      border-color: #0284c7;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #0284c7;
    }

    .step-num {
      font-size: 10px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0284c7;
      text-transform: uppercase;
    }

    .step-label {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #1e293b;
      line-height: 1.2;
    }

    .step-sub {
      font-size: 10px;
      color: #64748b;
    }

    /* Interactive Example Display */
    .sentence-box {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 6px;
      padding: 8px 10px;
      font-size: 13px;
      line-height: 1.5;
      color: #334155;
    }

    .chunk {
      padding: 2px 4px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      font-weight: 600;
      transition: all 0.2s ease;
    }

    .chunk-1 { color: #0284c7; background: #e0f2fe; }
    .chunk-2 { color: #0d9488; background: #ccfbf1; }
    .chunk-3 { color: #7c3aed; background: #ede9fe; }

    .chunk.highlight {
      outline: 2px solid currentColor;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    }

    @media (max-width: 420px) {
      .compare-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .step-buttons { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="compare-grid">
    <div class="col-card col-avoid">
      <div class="col-header">✕ Avoid (Absolute/Vague)</div>
      <div class="phrase-list">
        <div class="phrase-item">Proved the hypothesis</div>
        <div class="phrase-item">The experiment failed</div>
        <div class="phrase-item">Numbers went up</div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="col-card col-use">
      <div class="col-header">✓ Use (Scientific Standard)</div>
      <div class="phrase-list">
        <div class="phrase-item">Data supports hypothesis</div>
        <div class="phrase-item">Data refutes hypothesis</div>
        <div class="phrase-item">Calculated difference / factor</div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="template-section">
    <div class="section-title">
      <span>3-Step Evaluation Template</span>
      <span style="font-weight: 500; font-size: 11px; text-transform: none; color: #64748b;">Tap a step</span>
    </div>

    <div class="step-buttons">
      <button class="step-btn active" id="btn-1" onclick="selectStep(1)">
        <span class="step-num">Step 1</span>
        <span class="step-label">State Verdict</span>
        <span class="step-sub">Supported / Refuted</span>
      </button>
      <button class="step-btn" id="btn-2" onclick="selectStep(2)">
        <span class="step-num">Step 2</span>
        <span class="step-label">Paired Values</span>
        <span class="step-sub">From X to Y</span>
      </button>
      <button class="step-btn" id="btn-3" onclick="selectStep(3)">
        <span class="step-num">Step 3</span>
        <span class="step-label">Quantify Pattern</span>
        <span class="step-sub">Change of Z% / N×</span>
      </button>
    </div>

    <div class="sentence-box">
      "The <span id="c1" class="chunk chunk-1 highlight">data supports the hypothesis</span>: reaction rate increased <span id="c2" class="chunk chunk-2">from 12 to 48 s⁻¹</span>, a <span id="c3" class="chunk chunk-3">4× increase (+300%)</span>."
    </div>
  </div>

  <script>
    function selectStep(num) {
      for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
        document.getElementById('btn-' + i).classList.remove('active');
        document.getElementById('c' + i).classList.remove('highlight');
      }
      document.getElementById('btn-' + num).classList.add('active');
      document.getElementById('c' + num).classList.add('highlight');
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

UK-GCSE-SCIENCE-WS-3-01

Child standards (8)

Aligned learning resources

Related diagrams