OGS.10.GVE
Open Global Science Standards 2026™ · 9th Grade
Genetics, Molecular Inheritance, Biotechnology, Variation, and Evolutionary Biology
Grade9th Grade
SubjectScience
Levelstrand
Child standards (5)
- OGS.10.GVE.1Explain the double-helix structure of DNA, the complementary base-pairing rule, and the universal genetic code, and model the stages of protein synthesis (transcription and translation).
- OGS.10.GVE.2Explain how chromosome reduction, independent assortment, and crossing over during meiosis generate genetic variation, and compare sexual reproduction with asexual reproductive strategies across taxa.
- OGS.10.GVE.3Predict genotypic and phenotypic ratios in monohybrid and dihybrid crosses using Punnett squares and probability rules, analyzing dominant, recessive, codominant, incomplete dominance, multiple allele, and sex-linked inheritance patterns.
- OGS.10.GVE.4Identify gene and chromosomal mutations, analyze their phenotypic effects and contributions to variation, and evaluate modern biotechnological applications including recombinant DNA, PCR, gel electrophoresis, selective breeding, and genomic sequencing.
- OGS.10.GVE.5Analyze natural selection acting on population phenotypic variations, evaluate multiple lines of evolutionary evidence (fossil record, biogeography, homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures, embryology, and molecular homologies), and explain speciation and phylogenetic classification.