<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }

    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #1e293b;
      background: #ffffff;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 12px;
      min-height: 100%;
      justify-content: space-between;
    }

    .comparison {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 12px;
      flex: 1;
    }

    @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .comparison {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      }
    }

    .panel {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1.5px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      text-align: center;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
    }

    .panel:hover, .panel.active {
      border-color: #0284c7;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #0284c7;
    }

    .panel-header {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 2px;
    }

    .title {
      font-size: 17px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0284c7;
      letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    }

    .subtitle {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #64748b;
    }

    .visual-area {
      flex: 1;
      width: 100%;
      min-height: 110px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      background: #f0f9ff;
      border: 1px dashed #bae6fd;
      border-radius: 8px;
      margin: 8px 0;
      padding: 8px;
      position: relative;
    }

    .single-otter {
      font-size: 52px;
      line-height: 1;
      filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 4px rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.15));
    }

    .otter-group {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
      gap: 3px 4px;
      align-items: center;
      justify-items: center;
    }

    .mini-otter {
      font-size: 18px;
      line-height: 1;
    }

    .tag-list {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      gap: 6px;
      justify-content: center;
      width: 100%;
    }

    .tag {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      color: #334155;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      padding: 4px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .panel.active .tag {
      border-color: #7dd3fc;
      background: #f0f9ff;
      color: #0369a1;
    }

    .rule-badge {
      background: #0284c7;
      color: #ffffff;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-align: center;
      padding: 8px 12px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      letter-spacing: 0.01em;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    .rule-badge span {
      opacity: 0.9;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="comparison">
    
    <div class="panel active" id="organismPanel" onclick="selectPanel('organismPanel')">
      <div class="panel-header">
        <div class="title">Organism</div>
        <div class="subtitle">Individual Sea Otter</div>
      </div>

      <div class="visual-area">
        <div class="single-otter">🦦</div>
      </div>

      <div class="tag-list">
        <span class="tag">Genotype</span>
        <span class="tag">Mass</span>
        <span class="tag">Age</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="panel" id="populationPanel" onclick="selectPanel('populationPanel')">
      <div class="panel-header">
        <div class="title">Population</div>
        <div class="subtitle">Monterey Bay (15 Otters)</div>
      </div>

      <div class="visual-area">
        <div class="otter-group">
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
          <span class="mini-otter">🦦</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="tag-list">
        <span class="tag">Birth &amp; Death Rate</span>
        <span class="tag">Density</span>
        <span class="tag">Gene Pool</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="rule-badge">
    <span>✦</span> Rule: Same Species + Same Place + Same Time
  </div>

  <script>
    function selectPanel(id) {
      document.querySelectorAll('.panel').forEach(p => p.classList.remove('active'));
      document.getElementById(id).classList.add('active');
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

Levels of Ecological Organization: From Organisms to Biomes

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Community vs Ecosystem</title>
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #1e293b;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 8px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      user-select: none;
    }
    .toggle-bar {
      display: flex;
      background: #f1f5f9;
      padding: 3px;
      border-radius: 20px;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      margin-bottom: 8px;
      gap: 4px;
      max-width: 100%;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      justify-content: center;
    }
    .toggle-btn {
      border: none;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 5px 12px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #64748b;
      border-radius: 16px;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
    }
    .toggle-btn:hover {
      color: #0f172a;
    }
    .toggle-btn.active {
      background: #0284c7;
      color: #ffffff;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    }
    .panels-container {
      display: flex;
      gap: 10px;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 680px;
      justify-content: center;
    }
    .panel-box {
      flex: 1;
      min-width: 0;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 10px;
      overflow: hidden;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    }
    .panel-header {
      padding: 6px 10px;
      text-align: center;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 6px;
    }
    .header-community {
      background: #f0fdf4;
      color: #16a34a;
    }
    .header-ecosystem {
      background: #f0f9ff;
      color: #0284c7;
    }
    .scene-wrapper {
      position: relative;
      width: 100%;
      background: #f8fafc;
      overflow: hidden;
    }
    .scene-svg {
      display: block;
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      aspect-ratio: 320 / 250;
    }
    .hidden {
      display: none !important;
    }
    .legend-bar {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 12px;
      margin-top: 8px;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
    }
    .legend-item {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 5px;
    }
    .legend-line {
      width: 16px;
      height: 3px;
      border-radius: 2px;
    }

    @media (max-width: 540px) {
      .panels-container {
        flex-direction: column;
      }
      .scene-svg {
        aspect-ratio: 320 / 240;
      }
      .legend-bar {
        font-size: 10px;
        gap: 8px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="toggle-bar">
    <button class="toggle-btn active" id="btnBoth" onclick="setView('both')">Split View</button>
    <button class="toggle-btn" id="btnBiotic" onclick="setView('biotic')">Biotic Only</button>
    <button class="toggle-btn" id="btnEco" onclick="setView('eco')">Biotic + Abiotic System</button>
  </div>

  <div class="panels-container">
    
    <div class="panel-box" id="cardCommunity">
      <div class="panel-header header-community">
        <span>🌿</span> Biological Community (Biotic Only)
      </div>
      <div class="scene-wrapper">
        <svg class="scene-svg" viewBox="0 0 320 250" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
          <defs>
            <linearGradient id="commWater" x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="1">
              <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#f0f9ff" stop-opacity="0.8" />
              <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#e0f2fe" stop-opacity="0.9" />
            </linearGradient>
            <marker id="comm-pred" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="6" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse">
              <path d="M 0 1 L 10 5 L 0 9 z" fill="#dc2626" />
            </marker>
            <marker id="comm-comp" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="6" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse">
              <path d="M 0 1 L 10 5 L 0 9 z" fill="#d97706" />
            </marker>
          </defs>

          
          <rect width="320" height="250" fill="url(#commWater)" />

          
          <rect y="214" width="320" height="36" fill="#e2e8f0" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5" />
          <text x="160" y="236" text-anchor="middle" font-size="11" font-weight="700" fill="#334155">(Living interactions only)</text>

          
          
          <path d="M 52 46 Q 62 82 58 114" fill="none" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="4,2" marker-end="url(#comm-pred)" />
          <g transform="translate(80, 80)">
            <rect x="-24" y="-7" width="48" height="14" rx="3" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.9" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="8.5" font-weight="700" fill="#dc2626">Predation</text>
          </g>

          
          <path d="M 50 148 Q 42 165 38 178" fill="none" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="4,2" marker-end="url(#comm-pred)" />

          
          <path d="M 82 136 Q 125 142 152 156" fill="none" stroke="#d97706" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="4,2" marker-end="url(#comm-comp)" />
          <g transform="translate(122, 138)">
            <rect x="-28" y="-7" width="56" height="14" rx="3" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.9" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="8.5" font-weight="700" fill="#d97706">Competition</text>
          </g>

          
          
          <g transform="translate(48, 22)">
            <rect x="-28" y="12" width="56" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.85" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="22">🦦</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#1e293b">Sea Otter</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(56, 128)">
            <rect x="-29" y="12" width="58" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.85" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="20">🦔</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#1e293b">Sea Urchin</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(175, 160)">
            <rect x="-20" y="12" width="40" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.85" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="20">🦀</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#1e293b">Crab</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(34, 184)">
            <rect x="-32" y="12" width="64" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.9" stroke="#86efac" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="26">🌿</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="800" fill="#16a34a">Kelp Forest</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(268, 178)">
            <rect x="-24" y="12" width="48" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.85" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="20">🦠</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#1e293b">Bacteria</text>
          </g>
        </svg>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="panel-box" id="cardEcosystem">
      <div class="panel-header header-ecosystem">
        <span>🌊</span> Ecosystem (Biotic + Abiotic)
      </div>
      <div class="scene-wrapper">
        <svg class="scene-svg" viewBox="0 0 320 250" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
          <defs>
            
            <linearGradient id="ecoWater" x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="1">
              <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#bae6fd" />
              <stop offset="50%" stop-color="#7dd3fc" />
              <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#0284c7" />
            </linearGradient>
            
            <linearGradient id="sunRayGrad" x1="1" y1="0" x2="0" y2="1">
              <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#fef08a" stop-opacity="0.6" />
              <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#eab308" stop-opacity="0.06" />
            </linearGradient>
            
            <marker id="eco-sun" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="6" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse">
              <path d="M 0 1 L 10 5 L 0 9 z" fill="#b45309" />
            </marker>
            <marker id="eco-nitro" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="6" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse">
              <path d="M 0 1 L 10 5 L 0 9 z" fill="#0369a1" />
            </marker>
            <marker id="eco-pred" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="6" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse">
              <path d="M 0 1 L 10 5 L 0 9 z" fill="#dc2626" />
            </marker>
          </defs>

          
          <rect width="320" height="250" fill="url(#ecoWater)" />

          
          <polygon points="310,0 230,0 15,205 70,205" fill="url(#sunRayGrad)" />

          
          <rect y="214" width="320" height="36" fill="#334155" stroke="#1e293b" stroke-width="1.5" />
          <text x="160" y="240" text-anchor="middle" font-size="10" font-weight="700" fill="#f1f5f9">🪨 Rocky Substrate (Abiotic)</text>

          
          
          <g transform="translate(258, 14)">
            <rect x="-42" y="-9" width="84" height="18" rx="9" fill="#fef08a" stroke="#eab308" stroke-width="1.5" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="800" fill="#854d0e">☀️ Sunlight</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(142, 14)">
            <rect x="-38" y="-9" width="76" height="18" rx="6" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="1.5" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="800" fill="#0369a1">🌡️ 14°C Water</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(254, 86)">
            <rect x="-44" y="-9" width="88" height="18" rx="9" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="1.5" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="800" fill="#0369a1">🫧 Dissolved O₂</text>
          </g>

          
          
          <path d="M 235 24 Q 130 75 48 165" fill="none" stroke="#b45309" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="4,2" marker-end="url(#eco-sun)" />
          <g transform="translate(126, 78)">
            <rect x="-37" y="-7" width="74" height="14" rx="3" fill="#fef08a" stroke="#eab308" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="8.5" font-weight="800" fill="#854d0e">Solar Energy</text>
          </g>

          
          <path d="M 52 46 Q 62 82 58 114" fill="none" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="3,2" marker-end="url(#eco-pred)" />

          
          <path d="M 50 148 Q 42 165 38 178" fill="none" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="3,2" marker-end="url(#eco-pred)" />

          
          <path d="M 250 202 Q 160 216 52 202" fill="none" stroke="#0369a1" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="4,2" marker-end="url(#eco-nitro)" />
          <g transform="translate(160, 218)">
            <rect x="-56" y="-7" width="112" height="14" rx="4" fill="#0284c7" stroke="#38bdf8" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="3.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="8.5" font-weight="800" fill="#ffffff">Nutrient Recycling ↺</text>
          </g>

          
          
          <g transform="translate(48, 22)">
            <rect x="-28" y="12" width="56" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#bae6fd" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="22">🦦</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#0f172a">Sea Otter</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(56, 128)">
            <rect x="-29" y="12" width="58" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#bae6fd" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="20">🦔</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#0f172a">Sea Urchin</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(175, 160)">
            <rect x="-20" y="12" width="40" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#bae6fd" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="20">🦀</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#0f172a">Crab</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(34, 184)">
            <rect x="-32" y="12" width="64" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#86efac" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="26">🌿</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="800" fill="#15803d">Kelp Forest</text>
          </g>

          
          <g transform="translate(268, 178)">
            <rect x="-24" y="12" width="48" height="14" rx="4" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.95" stroke="#bae6fd" stroke-width="1" />
            <text x="0" y="0" text-anchor="middle" font-size="20">🦠</text>
            <text x="0" y="22.5" text-anchor="middle" font-size="9.5" font-weight="700" fill="#0f172a">Bacteria</text>
          </g>
        </svg>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="legend-bar">
    <div class="legend-item">
      <div class="legend-line" style="background:#dc2626; border-top: 1px dashed #dc2626;"></div>
      <span>Predation</span>
    </div>
    <div class="legend-item">
      <div class="legend-line" style="background:#d97706;"></div>
      <span>Competition</span>
    </div>
    <div class="legend-item">
      <div class="legend-line" style="background:#b45309;"></div>
      <span>Solar Energy</span>
    </div>
    <div class="legend-item">
      <div class="legend-line" style="background:#0284c7;"></div>
      <span>Nutrient Recycling</span>
    </div>
  </div>

  <script>
    function setView(mode) {
      const cardComm = document.getElementById('cardCommunity');
      const cardEco = document.getElementById('cardEcosystem');
      const btnBoth = document.getElementById('btnBoth');
      const btnBiotic = document.getElementById('btnBiotic');
      const btnEco = document.getElementById('btnEco');

      btnBoth.classList.remove('active');
      btnBiotic.classList.remove('active');
      btnEco.classList.remove('active');

      if (mode === 'both') {
        btnBoth.classList.add('active');
        cardComm.classList.remove('hidden');
        cardEco.classList.remove('hidden');
      } else if (mode === 'biotic') {
        btnBiotic.classList.add('active');
        cardComm.classList.remove('hidden');
        cardEco.classList.add('hidden');
      } else if (mode === 'eco') {
        btnEco.classList.add('active');
        cardComm.classList.add('hidden');
        cardEco.classList.remove('hidden');
      }
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Whittaker Biome Graph</title>
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: transparent;
      color: #1e293b;
      width: 100%;
      padding: 8px 10px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      user-select: none;
      -webkit-user-select: none;
    }

    .header-row {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 560px;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
      margin-bottom: 6px;
      gap: 8px;
    }

    .title {
      font-size: 15px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
      letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    }

    .biosphere-badge {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      background: #eff6ff;
      border: 1px solid #bfdbfe;
      border-radius: 20px;
      padding: 3px 10px 3px 6px;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #1d4ed8;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .earth-sphere {
      width: 18px;
      height: 18px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      background: radial-gradient(circle at 35% 35%, #60a5fa 0%, #2563eb 60%, #1e3a8a 100%);
      box-shadow: inset -2px -2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.4), 0 1px 3px rgba(37,99,235,0.3);
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    .earth-sphere::before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      top: 3px;
      left: 3px;
      width: 7px;
      height: 5px;
      background: #86efac;
      border-radius: 40% 60% 50% 50%;
      opacity: 0.9;
    }
    .earth-sphere::after {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 2px;
      right: 4px;
      width: 8px;
      height: 6px;
      background: #86efac;
      border-radius: 50% 40% 60% 40%;
      opacity: 0.9;
    }

    .chart-container {
      position: relative;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 560px;
    }

    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      display: block;
      overflow: visible;
    }

    .biome-zone {
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: filter 0.2s ease, stroke 0.2s ease, stroke-width 0.2s ease;
      stroke: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
      stroke-width: 1.5;
    }
    .biome-zone:hover {
      filter: brightness(1.08) drop-shadow(0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.15));
      stroke: #0f172a;
      stroke-width: 2.5;
    }
    .biome-zone.active {
      filter: brightness(1.12) drop-shadow(0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.2));
      stroke: #0f172a;
      stroke-width: 3;
    }

    .axis-label {
      font-size: 11px;
      fill: #475569;
      font-weight: 600;
    }
    .tick-label {
      font-size: 10px;
      fill: #64748b;
      font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
    }
    .grid-line {
      stroke: #e2e8f0;
      stroke-dasharray: 2 2;
      stroke-width: 1;
    }
    .zone-text {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      pointer-events: none;
      text-anchor: middle;
      fill: #ffffff;
      text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.65);
    }
    .zone-text-dark {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      pointer-events: none;
      text-anchor: middle;
      fill: #2b2b2b;
      text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
    }

    .info-bar {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 560px;
      margin-top: 6px;
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 6px 12px;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
      font-size: 12px;
      min-height: 38px;
      gap: 8px;
    }
    .info-title {
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }
    .info-metrics {
      color: #64748b;
      font-weight: 500;
      font-size: 11px;
      text-align: right;
    }

    @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .title { font-size: 13px; }
      .biosphere-badge { font-size: 10px; padding: 2px 8px 2px 4px; }
      .info-bar { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 2px; padding: 6px 10px; }
      .info-metrics { text-align: left; font-size: 10.5px; }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="header-row">
    <div class="title">Whittaker Biome Model</div>
    <div class="biosphere-badge">
      <div class="earth-sphere"></div>
      <span>Biosphere: Sum of All Biomes</span>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="chart-container">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 540 370" role="img" aria-label="Whittaker Biome Chart">
      <defs>
        
        <linearGradient id="tundraGrad" x1="0" y1="1" x2="1" y2="0">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#94a3b8"/>
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#cbd5e1"/>
        </linearGradient>
        <linearGradient id="taigaGrad" x1="0" y1="1" x2="1" y2="0">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#0284c7"/>
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#38bdf8"/>
        </linearGradient>
        <linearGradient id="tempForestGrad" x1="0" y1="1" x2="1" y2="0">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#16a34a"/>
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#4ade80"/>
        </linearGradient>
        <linearGradient id="grasslandGrad" x1="0" y1="1" x2="1" y2="0">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#eab308"/>
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#fde047"/>
        </linearGradient>
        <linearGradient id="desertGrad" x1="0" y1="1" x2="1" y2="0">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#ea580c"/>
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#fb923c"/>
        </linearGradient>
        <linearGradient id="rainforestGrad" x1="0" y1="1" x2="1" y2="0">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#047857"/>
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#10b981"/>
        </linearGradient>
      </defs>

      
      
      <line x1="55" y1="320" x2="510" y2="320" class="grid-line"/>
      <line x1="55" y1="220" x2="510" y2="220" class="grid-line"/>
      <line x1="55" y1="120" x2="510" y2="120" class="grid-line"/>
      <line x1="55" y1="20" x2="510" y2="20" class="grid-line"/>

      
      <line x1="156" y1="20" x2="156" y2="320" class="grid-line"/>
      <line x1="257" y1="20" x2="257" y2="320" class="grid-line"/>
      <line x1="358" y1="20" x2="358" y2="320" class="grid-line"/>
      <line x1="460" y1="20" x2="460" y2="320" class="grid-line"/>

      
      
      <polygon id="zone-tundra" class="biome-zone"
        points="55,320 55,253 145,253 166,320"
        fill="url(#tundraGrad)"
        data-name="Tundra"
        data-temp="-15°C to -5°C"
        data-precip="10 – 100 cm"
        data-icon="❄️" />

      
      <polygon id="zone-taiga" class="biome-zone"
        points="95,253 95,187 235,187 257,253 145,253"
        fill="url(#taigaGrad)"
        data-name="Boreal Forest (Taiga)"
        data-temp="-5°C to 5°C"
        data-precip="40 – 200 cm"
        data-icon="🌲" />

      
      <polygon id="zone-grassland" class="biome-zone"
        points="55,253 95,253 95,187 145,187 145,87 55,140"
        fill="url(#grasslandGrad)"
        data-name="Temperate Grassland"
        data-temp="0°C to 20°C"
        data-precip="20 – 90 cm"
        data-icon="🌾" />

      
      <polygon id="zone-desert" class="biome-zone"
        points="55,140 145,87 156,87 156,20 55,20"
        fill="url(#desertGrad)"
        data-name="Subtropical Desert"
        data-temp="15°C to 30°C"
        data-precip="0 – 100 cm"
        data-icon="🏜️" />

      
      <polygon id="zone-tempforest" class="biome-zone"
        points="145,187 235,187 257,253 298,187 298,87 145,87"
        fill="url(#tempForestGrad)"
        data-name="Temperate Deciduous Forest"
        data-temp="5°C to 20°C"
        data-precip="75 – 220 cm"
        data-icon="🍃" />

      
      <polygon id="zone-rainforest" class="biome-zone"
        points="156,87 298,87 298,187 510,87 510,20 156,20"
        fill="url(#rainforestGrad)"
        data-name="Tropical Rainforest"
        data-temp="20°C to 30°C"
        data-precip="200 – 450 cm"
        data-icon="🦜" />

      
      <text x="105" y="295" class="zone-text">Tundra</text>
      <text x="175" y="225" class="zone-text">Taiga</text>
      
      <text x="96" y="160" class="zone-text-dark">Grassland</text>
      <text x="100" y="60" class="zone-text">Desert</text>
      <text x="215" y="136" class="zone-text">Temperate<tspan x="215" dy="13">Forest</tspan></text>
      <text x="380" y="68" class="zone-text">Tropical<tspan x="380" dy="14">Rainforest</tspan></text>

      
      <line x1="55" y1="320" x2="510" y2="320" stroke="#334155" stroke-width="2"/>
      
      <line x1="55" y1="20" x2="55" y2="320" stroke="#334155" stroke-width="2"/>

      
      <text x="55" y="337" class="tick-label" text-anchor="middle">0</text>
      <text x="156" y="337" class="tick-label" text-anchor="middle">100</text>
      <text x="257" y="337" class="tick-label" text-anchor="middle">200</text>
      <text x="358" y="337" class="tick-label" text-anchor="middle">300</text>
      <text x="460" y="337" class="tick-label" text-anchor="middle">400</text>
      <text x="510" y="337" class="tick-label" text-anchor="middle">450</text>
      <text x="282" y="358" class="axis-label" text-anchor="middle">Annual Precipitation (cm)</text>

      
      <text x="47" y="324" class="tick-label" text-anchor="end">-15°</text>
      <text x="47" y="224" class="tick-label" text-anchor="end">0°</text>
      <text x="47" y="124" class="tick-label" text-anchor="end">15°</text>
      <text x="47" y="24" class="tick-label" text-anchor="end">30°</text>
      <text x="-170" y="18" class="axis-label" transform="rotate(-90)" text-anchor="middle">Avg Temperature (°C)</text>
    </svg>
  </div>

  <div class="info-bar" id="infoBar">
    <div class="info-title" id="infoTitle">
      <span>🦜</span>
      <span>Tropical Rainforest</span>
    </div>
    <div class="info-metrics" id="infoMetrics">
      Temp: 20°C to 30°C • Precip: 200 – 450 cm
    </div>
  </div>

  <script>
    const zones = document.querySelectorAll('.biome-zone');
    const infoTitle = document.getElementById('infoTitle');
    const infoMetrics = document.getElementById('infoMetrics');

    function selectBiome(zone) {
      zones.forEach(z => z.classList.remove('active'));
      zone.classList.add('active');

      const name = zone.getAttribute('data-name');
      const temp = zone.getAttribute('data-temp');
      const precip = zone.getAttribute('data-precip');
      const icon = zone.getAttribute('data-icon');

      infoTitle.innerHTML = `<span>${icon}</span> <span>${name}</span>`;
      infoMetrics.textContent = `Temp: ${temp} • Precip: ${precip}`;
    }

    zones.forEach(zone => {
      zone.addEventListener('mouseenter', () => selectBiome(zone));
      zone.addEventListener('click', () => selectBiome(zone));
    });

    // Default selection
    selectBiome(document.getElementById('zone-rainforest'));
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <title>Levels of Ecological Organization</title>
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #1e293b;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: flex-start;
      padding: 10px 12px;
      min-height: 100%;
      user-select: none;
      gap: 8px;
    }

    /* Top Selector Tabs */
    .nav-bar {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      gap: 5px;
      justify-content: center;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
    }
    .level-btn {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 16px;
      padding: 4px 9px;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
      cursor: pointer;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px;
      transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
    }
    .level-btn:hover {
      border-color: #0ea5e9;
      color: #0284c7;
    }
    .level-btn.active {
      background: #1e293b;
      border-color: #1e293b;
      color: #ffffff;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(30, 41, 59, 0.25);
    }

    /* Central Layout Container */
    .visual-row {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
      gap: 12px;
    }

    /* Concentric Rings Visual */
    .stage {
      position: relative;
      width: 190px;
      height: 190px;
      flex-shrink: 0;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }

    .ring-container {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }
    .ring {
      position: absolute;
      border-radius: 50%;
      transition: all 0.35s ease;
      pointer-events: none;
    }
    .ring-1 { width: 50px; height: 50px; background: rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.08); border: 1.5px dashed rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.35); }
    .ring-2 { width: 78px; height: 78px; background: rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.06); border: 1.5px dashed rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.3); }
    .ring-3 { width: 106px; height: 106px; background: rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.05); border: 1.5px dashed rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.25); }
    .ring-4 { width: 134px; height: 134px; background: rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.05); border: 1.5px dashed rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.3); }
    .ring-5 { width: 162px; height: 162px; background: rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.06); border: 1.5px dashed rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.35); }
    .ring-6 { width: 190px; height: 190px; background: rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.08); border: 1.5px dashed rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.4); }

    /* Active Ring Highlight */
    .ring.highlight {
      border-style: solid;
      border-color: #0ea5e9;
      box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.35);
      background: rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.14);
    }
    .ring.highlight-abiotic {
      border-style: solid;
      border-color: #f43f5e;
      box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.35);
      background: rgba(244, 63, 94, 0.12);
    }

    /* Visual Content Panes */
    .view-pane {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      opacity: 0;
      pointer-events: none;
      transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
      z-index: 2;
    }
    .view-pane.active {
      opacity: 1;
      pointer-events: auto;
    }

    .emoji-grid {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 3px;
      max-width: 150px;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .emoji-item {
      font-size: 22px;
      line-height: 1.1;
      filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.12));
    }
    .emoji-lg {
      font-size: 44px;
    }
    .emoji-group {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 3px;
      width: 100%;
    }

    /* Side Overview / Mini Hierarchy Meter */
    .hierarchy-meter {
      flex: 1;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 4px;
      min-width: 150px;
    }
    .meter-step {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      padding: 3px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #64748b;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s, color 0.15s;
    }
    .meter-step:hover {
      background: #f1f5f9;
    }
    .meter-step.active {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border-color: #0ea5e9;
      color: #0f172a;
      font-weight: 700;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    }
    .meter-step.active.abiotic-step {
      border-color: #f43f5e;
    }
    .meter-dot {
      width: 8px;
      height: 8px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      background: #cbd5e1;
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    .meter-step.active .meter-dot {
      background: #0ea5e9;
    }
    .meter-step.active.abiotic-step .meter-dot {
      background: #f43f5e;
    }

    /* Definition Card */
    .card-info {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 10px 14px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 6px;
    }
    .card-header {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 8px;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
    .card-title-group {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
    }
    .card-level-num {
      background: #1e293b;
      color: #ffffff;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 2px 7px;
      border-radius: 10px;
    }
    .card-level-name {
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
    }
    .badge {
      font-size: 10px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 3px 8px;
      border-radius: 10px;
      letter-spacing: 0.3px;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      transition: all 0.2s ease;
    }
    .badge-biotic {
      background: #e0f2fe;
      color: #0284c7;
      border: 1px solid #bae6fd;
    }
    .badge-abiotic {
      background: #ffe4e6;
      color: #e11d48;
      border: 1px solid #fecdd3;
    }

    .card-def {
      font-size: 12px;
      line-height: 1.45;
      color: #334155;
    }
    .card-meta {
      display: flex;
      align-items: baseline;
      gap: 6px;
      font-size: 11px;
      background: #f8fafc;
      padding: 5px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      border-left: 3px solid #0ea5e9;
      color: #475569;
    }
    .card-meta.meta-abiotic {
      border-left-color: #f43f5e;
    }
    .card-meta strong {
      color: #1e293b;
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }

    /* Controls Bar */
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 10px;
      margin-top: 2px;
    }
    .ctrl-btn {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 50%;
      width: 30px;
      height: 30px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      font-size: 12px;
      cursor: pointer;
      color: #1e293b;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .ctrl-btn:hover {
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-color: #94a3b8;
    }
    .play-btn {
      border-radius: 16px;
      width: auto;
      padding: 0 12px;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 600;
      gap: 5px;
    }

    @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .visual-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 6px;
      }
      .hierarchy-meter {
        display: none;
      }
      .stage {
        width: 170px;
        height: 170px;
      }
      .ring-1 { width: 44px; height: 44px; }
      .ring-2 { width: 68px; height: 68px; }
      .ring-3 { width: 92px; height: 92px; }
      .ring-4 { width: 118px; height: 118px; }
      .ring-5 { width: 144px; height: 144px; }
      .ring-6 { width: 170px; height: 170px; }
      .level-btn {
        font-size: 10px;
        padding: 3px 7px;
      }
      .card-info {
        padding: 8px 10px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="nav-bar">
    <button class="level-btn active" data-step="0">1. Organism</button>
    <button class="level-btn" data-step="1">2. Population</button>
    <button class="level-btn" data-step="2">3. Community</button>
    <button class="level-btn" data-step="3">4. Ecosystem</button>
    <button class="level-btn" data-step="4">5. Biome</button>
    <button class="level-btn" data-step="5">6. Biosphere</button>
  </div>

  
  <div class="visual-row">
    <div class="stage">
      <div class="ring-container">
        <div class="ring ring-6" id="r5"></div>
        <div class="ring ring-5" id="r4"></div>
        <div class="ring ring-4" id="r3"></div>
        <div class="ring ring-3" id="r2"></div>
        <div class="ring ring-2" id="r1"></div>
        <div class="ring ring-1 highlight" id="r0"></div>
      </div>

      
      <div class="view-pane active" id="pane-0">
        <div class="emoji-grid">
          <span class="emoji-item emoji-lg" title="Single Clownfish">🐠</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      
      <div class="view-pane" id="pane-1">
        <div class="emoji-grid">
          <span class="emoji-item">🐠</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🐠</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🐠</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🐠</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      
      <div class="view-pane" id="pane-2">
        <div class="emoji-grid">
          <span class="emoji-item">🐠</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🐢</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🪸</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🌿</span>
          <span class="emoji-item">🦀</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      
      <div class="view-pane" id="pane-3">
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            <span class="emoji-item">🐢</span>
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            <span class="emoji-item" title="Sunlight">☀️</span>
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Understanding Wet Mass Versus Dry Mass in Organisms

Calculating Percentage Moisture Content in Biological Tissue

Calculating Percentage Change in Mass in Osmosis Experiments

Calculating Percentage Efficiency of Biomass Transfer Between Trophic Levels

Calculating Percentage Biomass Lost Through Excretion and Respiration

Exam Practice: Multi-Step Percentage Mass and Biomass Calculations

science

Calculating Percentage of Mass and Biomass in Ecology

Energy Flow in Ecosystems: Trophic Levels and Transfer

Quantifying Biomass and Energy Pyramids

Abiotic Factors Affecting Species Distribution and Abundance

Biotic Factors Affecting Communities: Predators, Pathogens, and Competition

Symbiotic Relationships: Mutualism, Commensalism, and Parasitism

Keystone Species and Trophic Cascades

Primary and Secondary Ecological Succession

Ecosystem Dynamics, Energy Flow, and Community Succession

Ecosystem Scales: From Microhabitats to Global Biomes

Biotic and Abiotic Components of Ecosystems

Fundamental and Realised Ecological Niches

The Competitive Exclusion Principle

Quantitative Sampling Using Random and Systematic Transects

Estimating Motile Populations Using the Lincoln Index

Ecosystem Scale, Structure, and Ecological Niches

Biological Organisation: From Organisms to Populations

Levels of Ecological Organisation: Individual to Ecosystem

Defining Populations, Communities, and Habitats

How Living Organisms and Non-Living Environments Form Ecosystems

Interpreting Ecosystem Organisation from Fieldwork Data

Levels of Organisation in Ecosystems

认识微生境：腐木生态微系统的基本构成

微生境野外观察工具选择与采样规范

腐木中的分解者与无脊椎动物多样性观察

腐木生物群落的种间关系与物质循环分析

腐木演替阶段判定与群落观察报告撰写

微生境与腐木生物群落观察实践

Abiotic Factors: Light Intensity and Temperature

Abiotic Factors: Moisture Levels, Soil pH, and Mineral Content

Abiotic Factors: Wind Intensity, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen Levels

Biotic Factors: Food Availability and New Predators

Biotic Factors: New Pathogens and Interspecific Competition

Analysing How Environmental Factors Alter Species Distribution

Biotic and Abiotic Factors in Ecosystems

Calculating the Arithmetic Mean from Replicate Readings

Identifying and Excluding Anomalies Before Calculating Means

Calculating Mean Organism Count per Quadrat

Estimating Total Population Size Using Mean Sample Density

Calculating Mean Abundance and Abiotic Factors Along Belt Transects

Exam Mastery: Evaluating Replicates and Calculating Means in Biology

Calculating Arithmetic Means in Ecological Investigations

Gross and Net Primary Production

Measuring Biomass and Chemical Energy with Bomb Calorimetry

Net Production of Consumers and Secondary Productivity

Trophic Level Energy Transfers and Ecological Pyramids

Agricultural Practices to Maximise Trophic Energy Yields

Energy Flow and Biomass Transfer in Ecosystems

识别本地区典型植被类型及其气候适应特征

群落垂直结构调查：乔木层、灌木层、草本层与地被层

样方法调查：样方设置、植物种群计数与盖度测定

常见优势植物检索与植物检索表的使用

当地植被生态健康评估与调查报告撰写

当地植被类型调查与样方法实践

Competition in Plants: Light, Space, Water, and Minerals

Competition in Animals: Food, Mates, and Territory

Interdependence: Food Webs, Pollination, and Shelter

Stable Communities and Species Balance

Interpreting Predator-Prey Population Graphs and Cycles

GCSE Exam Mastery: Explaining Community Dynamics and Interdependence

Interdependence and Competition in Communities

Calculating Percentiles from Data

Interpreting Growth Charts and Percentile Curves

Identifying Abnormal Growth Patterns from Percentile Tracking

Using Percentiles to Evaluate Ecological and Environmental Distributions

Exam Mastery: Interpreting Percentiles and Centile Graphs

Understanding and Using Percentiles in Biology

Primary Succession and Pioneer Species Colonisation

Soil Development and Environmental Modification in Succession

Secondary Succession Following Environmental Disturbance

Climatic Climax Communities and Dynamic Biome Equilibria

Deflected Succession and Plagioclimax Habitats

Investigating Succession Along Sand Dunes and Salt Marshes

Ecological Succession and Dynamic Ecosystems

Levels of Organisation in Ecosystems: Individual to Biome

Community Interdependence and Stable Ecosystems

Structural, Behavioural, and Functional Adaptations in Extremophiles

Predator-Prey Population Cycles and Graph Analysis

Ecosystem Organisation, Interdependence, and Abiotic Factors

Combining Means and Percentages in Fieldwork Investigations

Quantitative Analysis of Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Comparing Data Distributions Using Means, Ranges and Percentiles

Synoptic Maths Mastery in GCSE Ecology and Biology

Mathematical Modelling and Quantitative Synthesis in Ecology

Random Sampling with Quadrats and Population Size Estimation

Systematic Sampling Along Transects and Abiotic Gradients

The Carbon Cycle: Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Combustion

The Water Cycle and the Role of Microorganisms in Decay

Biodiversity and the Impact of Human Waste and Land Use

Global Warming and Programmes to Maintain Biodiversity

Exam Mastery: 6-Mark Fieldwork and Ecological Data Evaluation

Ecological Sampling, Biodiversity, and Human Environmental Impact

Exponential Growth, Carrying Capacity, and Logistic Curves

Density-Dependent Versus Density-Independent Limiting Factors

Intraspecific Competition and Territoriality

Interspecific Competition and Niche Overlap

Predator-Prey Interactions and Cyclical Oscillations

Population Dynamics and Limiting Factors

Listing Outcomes Systematically

Using Tables to List Combinations

Using Tree Diagrams to Count Possibilities

The Product Rule for Counting

Product Rule with Restrictions and Conditions

Product Rule in Real-World Contexts

math

Systematic Listing and Counting

Teoria celular e níveis de organização da vida

Células procarióticas e eucarióticas

Estrutura e função das organelas celulares

Membrana plasmática e transporte celular

Fotossíntese: transformação de energia nos seres vivos

Respiração celular e obtenção de energia

Divisão celular: mitose e meiose

Biologia Celular: Organização, Energia e Divisão

DNA: estrutura e função

Síntese de proteínas: transcrição e tradução

Leis de Mendel e hereditariedade

Genótipo e fenótipo: expressão gênica

Herança ligada ao sexo e mutações

Tecnologias do DNA e suas aplicações

Células-tronco e debates éticos

Genética e Biotecnologia: DNA, Hereditariedade e Ética

Ecossistemas: componentes e fluxos de energia

Cadeias e teias alimentares

Fluxo de energia e pirâmides ecológicas

Ciclo do carbono e mudanças climáticas

Ciclo do nitrogênio e fixação

Ciclo da água e disponibilidade hídrica

Ciclo do oxigênio e fotossíntese

Ecossistemas e Ciclos Biogeoquímicos

Fatores limitantes e condições ambientais

Intervenções humanas em ecossistemas

Bioacumulação e magnificação trófica

Sucessão ecológica e recuperação ambiental

Biodiversidade: conceitos e mensuração

Conservação da biodiversidade e políticas ambientais

Ações individuais e coletivas para sustentabilidade

Impactos Humanos e Conservação da Biodiversidade

Estrutura interna da Terra

Tectônica de placas e eventos geológicos

Rochas e minerais: composição e usos

Atmosfera terrestre e suas camadas

Clima vs. tempo: fatores e medições

Efeito estufa e aquecimento global

Movimentos da Terra e estações do ano

Gravidade na Terra e movimentos de objetos

Oceanos e correntes marítimas no clima

Intervenções humanas no clima e previsões

Sistemas da Terra e Clima

Modelos do Universo ao longo da história

Big Bang e a origem do Universo

Evolução estelar: nascimento de estrelas

Ciclo de vida das estrelas e nebulosas

Nucleossíntese: origem dos elementos químicos

Sistemas solares e planetários

Estrutura do Sistema Solar

Gravitação universal e leis de Kepler

Movimentos dos planetas e previsões orbitais

Busca por vida no Universo

Cosmos e Origem dos Elementos

Colombia como país megadiverso en flora y fauna

Especies amenazadas y en peligro de extinción en Colombia

Impacto del tráfico ilegal de fauna silvestre

Especies invasoras: el caso del hipopótamo y el pez león

Los polinizadores y la seguridad alimentaria global

Fragmentación de hábitat y corredores biológicos

Conservación de la biodiversidad en Colombia: amenazas y retos

Tenencia responsable de animales de compañía

El concepto de bienestar animal y las cinco libertades

Restauración ecológica de microcuencas y bosques nativos

Ciencia ciudadana y monitoreo de aves urbanas

Áreas protegidas: parques nacionales y reservas naturales

Creación de un refugio escolar para fauna y jardín para polinizadores

Bienestar animal y acción ciudadana para la conservación

Propiedades de los materiales y su vida útil

Uso eficiente y cuidado del agua en las instalaciones escolares

Eficiencia energética en aulas e iluminación sostenible

Mantenimiento preventivo del mobiliario y laboratorios escolares

Mantenimiento y cuidado de la infraestructura escolar física

Obsolescencia programada y derecho a reparar

Cuidado y uso responsable de computadores y dispositivos móviles

Huella de carbono digital y consumo invisible de energía

El patrimonio público y la apropiación del espacio común

Tecnología responsable y sostenibilidad digital

Gestión de sustancias químicas y reactivos en el colegio

Producción más limpia y tecnologías apropiadas para la comunidad

Responsabilidad social en el consumo de bienes y servicios

Elaboración de un plan escolar de mantenimiento y cuidado comunitario

Gestión ambiental, consumo responsable y plan comunitario

OGS.10.ECO.1

Aligned learning resources

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