<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    body {
      width: 100%;
      background: #ffffff;
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #0f172a;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
      padding: 10px 8px;
    }
    .plot-container {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 680px;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      display: block;
      overflow: visible;
    }
    .box {
      fill: #dbeafe;
      stroke: #2563eb;
      stroke-width: 2.5;
      rx: 4;
    }
    .whisker-line {
      stroke: #2563eb;
      stroke-width: 2;
    }
    .whisker-cap {
      stroke: #2563eb;
      stroke-width: 2.5;
      stroke-linecap: round;
    }
    .median-line {
      stroke: #1d4ed8;
      stroke-width: 3.5;
      stroke-linecap: round;
    }
    .fence-line {
      stroke: #475569;
      stroke-width: 1.5;
      stroke-dasharray: 4 3;
    }
    .axis-line {
      stroke: #475569;
      stroke-width: 1.5;
    }
    .axis-tick {
      stroke: #475569;
      stroke-width: 1.5;
    }
    .label {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      fill: #334155;
      text-anchor: middle;
    }
    .val-label {
      font-size: 13.5px;
      font-weight: 700;
      fill: #0f172a;
      text-anchor: middle;
    }
    .fence-label {
      font-size: 12.5px;
      font-weight: 600;
      fill: #334155;
      text-anchor: middle;
    }
    .outlier-label {
      font-size: 13.5px;
      font-weight: 700;
      fill: #dc2626;
      text-anchor: middle;
    }
    .axis-text {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      fill: #1e293b;
      text-anchor: middle;
    }
    .title-text {
      font-size: 13.5px;
      font-weight: 700;
      fill: #0f172a;
      text-anchor: middle;
      letter-spacing: 0.3px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="plot-container">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 700 225" aria-label="Modified box plot showing hospital wait times and an outlier at 92">
      
      
      
      
      <line class="fence-line" x1="374" y1="28" x2="374" y2="165" />
      <text class="fence-label" x="374" y="20">Upper Fence = 54</text>

      
      <line class="whisker-line" x1="134" y1="95" x2="164" y2="95" />
      <line class="whisker-cap" x1="134" y1="77" x2="134" y2="113" />
      <text class="val-label" x="134" y="52">14</text>
      <text class="label" x="134" y="145">Min</text>

      
      <rect class="box" x="164" y="65" width="84" height="60" />

      
      <line class="median-line" x1="200" y1="65" x2="200" y2="125" />
      
      
      <text class="val-label" x="164" y="52">19</text>
      <text class="val-label" x="200" y="52">25</text>
      <text class="val-label" x="244" y="52">33</text>

      
      <text class="label" x="164" y="145">Q₁</text>
      <text class="label" x="200" y="145">Median</text>
      <text class="label" x="248" y="145">Q₃</text>

      
      <line class="whisker-line" x1="248" y1="95" x2="260" y2="95" />
      <line class="whisker-cap" x1="260" y1="77" x2="260" y2="113" />
      <text class="val-label" x="272" y="52">35</text>

      
      <circle cx="602" cy="95" r="11" fill="#fee2e2" stroke="#ef4444" stroke-width="1.5" />
      <circle cx="602" cy="95" r="4.5" fill="#dc2626" />
      <text class="outlier-label" x="602" y="52">Outlier: 92</text>

      
      <line class="axis-line" x1="50" y1="165" x2="650" y2="165" />

      
      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="50" y1="165" x2="50" y2="173" />
      <text class="axis-text" x="50" y="188">0</text>
      
      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="110" y1="165" x2="110" y2="169" />
      
      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="170" y1="165" x2="170" y2="173" />
      <text class="axis-text" x="170" y="188">20</text>
      
      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="230" y1="165" x2="230" y2="169" />

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="290" y1="165" x2="290" y2="173" />
      <text class="axis-text" x="290" y="188">40</text>

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="350" y1="165" x2="350" y2="169" />

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="410" y1="165" x2="410" y2="173" />
      <text class="axis-text" x="410" y="188">60</text>

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="470" y1="165" x2="470" y2="169" />

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="530" y1="165" x2="530" y2="173" />
      <text class="axis-text" x="530" y="188">80</text>

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="590" y1="165" x2="590" y2="169" />

      
      <line class="axis-tick" x1="650" y1="165" x2="650" y2="173" />
      <text class="axis-text" x="650" y="188">100</text>

      
      <text class="title-text" x="350" y="214">Wait Time (minutes)</text>
    </svg>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

Identifying and Interpreting Statistical Outliers in Context

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <title>Identifying Outliers</title>
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    body {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      background: #ffffff;
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      color: #1e2945;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      padding: 12px;
      user-select: none;
      -webkit-user-select: none;
    }
    .plot-container {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 600px;
      position: relative;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      display: block;
      overflow: visible;
    }
    .pulse-ring {
      animation: pulse 2s cubic-bezier(0.215, 0.61, 0.355, 1) infinite;
      transform-origin: 510px 180px;
    }
    @keyframes pulse {
      0% {
        r: 10px;
        opacity: 0.8;
      }
      70% {
        r: 26px;
        opacity: 0;
      }
      100% {
        r: 26px;
        opacity: 0;
      }
    }
    .point {
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: transform 0.2s ease, filter 0.2s ease;
    }
    .point:hover {
      filter: brightness(1.15);
    }
    .callout-card {
      filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 12px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.15));
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

<div class="plot-container">
  <svg viewBox="0 0 600 300" aria-label="Wait times dot plot">
    
    <rect x="50" y="60" width="270" height="150" fill="#22c55e" fill-opacity="0.1" rx="8" />
    
    
    <g transform="translate(185, 84)">
      <rect x="-65" y="-14" width="130" height="24" rx="12" fill="#dcfce7" />
      <text x="0" y="3" fill="#15803d" font-size="12" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">Acceptable Range</text>
    </g>

    
    <line x1="320" y1="50" x2="320" y2="225" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="6,4" />
    
    
    <g transform="translate(320, 34)">
      <rect x="-62" y="-14" width="124" height="24" rx="6" fill="#fee2e2" stroke="#fca5a5" stroke-width="1" />
      <text x="0" y="3" fill="#b91c1c" font-size="11" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">Upper Fence = 54</text>
    </g>

    
    <line x1="50" y1="210" x2="550" y2="210" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" />

    
    
    <line x1="50" y1="210" x2="50" y2="218" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
    <text x="50" y="236" fill="#64748b" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">0</text>
    
    
    <line x1="150" y1="210" x2="150" y2="218" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
    <text x="150" y="236" fill="#64748b" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">20</text>

    
    <line x1="250" y1="210" x2="250" y2="218" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
    <text x="250" y="236" fill="#64748b" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">40</text>

    
    <line x1="350" y1="210" x2="350" y2="218" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
    <text x="350" y="236" fill="#64748b" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">60</text>

    
    <line x1="450" y1="210" x2="450" y2="218" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
    <text x="450" y="236" fill="#64748b" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">80</text>

    
    <line x1="550" y1="210" x2="550" y2="218" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
    <text x="550" y="236" fill="#64748b" font-size="12" font-weight="600" text-anchor="middle">100</text>

    
    <text x="300" y="270" fill="#475569" font-size="13" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle" letter-spacing="0.5">Wait Time (min)</text>

    
    
    <circle class="point" cx="120" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="140" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="150" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="160" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="175" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="190" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="205" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 
    <circle class="point" cx="225" cy="180" r="8" fill="#2563eb" /> 

    
    
    <circle class="pulse-ring" cx="510" cy="180" r="10" fill="#ef4444" />
    
    <circle class="point" cx="510" cy="180" r="9" fill="#ef4444" stroke="#ffffff" stroke-width="2" />

    
    <g class="callout-card" transform="translate(510, 105)">
      
      <path d="M 0 45 L 0 62" stroke="#ef4444" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" />
      
      <rect x="-85" y="-12" width="170" height="52" rx="8" fill="#ffffff" stroke="#ef4444" stroke-width="2" />
      
      <text x="0" y="11" fill="#1e2945" font-size="14" font-weight="800" text-anchor="middle">92 min</text>
      <text x="0" y="29" fill="#dc2626" font-size="12" font-weight="700" text-anchor="middle">Outlier (92 &gt; 54)</text>
    </g>
  </svg>
</div>

</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Outlier Handling Flowchart</title>
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
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      color: #0f172a;
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      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      min-height: 100vh;
      padding: 16px 12px;
      user-select: none;
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    .flow-container {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 580px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      position: relative;
    }

    /* Top Node */
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      background: #0f172a;
      color: #ffffff;
      padding: 8px 20px;
      border-radius: 20px;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 700;
      letter-spacing: 0.3px;
      box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.18);
      z-index: 2;
    }

    /* SVG Connectors */
    .connectors {
      width: 100%;
      height: 38px;
      overflow: visible;
    }

    .path-line {
      fill: none;
      stroke: #cbd5e1;
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    /* Branch Columns */
    .branches-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      gap: 8px;
      width: 100%;
      z-index: 2;
    }

    .branch-col {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      cursor: pointer;
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      transition: opacity 0.2s ease, filter 0.2s ease;
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    .branch-col.active {
      opacity: 1;
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      font-weight: bold;
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      width: 100%;
      min-height: 46px;
      border-radius: 10px;
      display: flex;
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      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 700;
      line-height: 1.25;
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      color: #ffffff;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
      transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
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    /* Branch 1: Measurement Error (Red) */
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    .b-error .node-action { background: #dc2626; color: #ffffff; }

    /* Branch 2: Sampling Error (Amber) */
    .b-sampling.active .node-q { border-color: #b45309; color: #78350f; box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #fed7aa; }
    .b-sampling .node-action { background: #b45309; color: #ffffff; }

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    .b-legit.active .node-q { border-color: #047857; color: #065f46; box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #a7f3d0; }
    .b-legit .node-action { background: #047857; color: #ffffff; }

    /* Stepper Controls */
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      gap: 6px;
      margin: 14px 0 10px;
    }

    .dot {
      width: 8px;
      height: 8px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      background: #cbd5e1;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background 0.2s ease, width 0.2s ease;
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    .dot.active {
      width: 22px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      background: #0f172a;
    }

    /* Dynamic Explanation Box */
    .detail-panel {
      width: 100%;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-left: 4px solid #dc2626;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 12px 14px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
      transition: border-color 0.25s ease;
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    .detail-header {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 8px;
      margin-bottom: 6px;
    }

    .detail-title {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
    }

    .detail-badge {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 2px 8px;
      border-radius: 12px;
      color: #ffffff;
      background: #dc2626;
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    .detail-desc {
      font-size: 12.5px;
      line-height: 1.45;
      color: #334155;
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    .detail-action-rule {
      margin-top: 6px;
      padding-top: 6px;
      border-top: 1px dashed #e2e8f0;
      font-size: 11.5px;
      color: #64748b;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px;
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    .detail-action-rule strong {
      color: #1e293b;
    }

    @media (max-width: 420px) {
      .node-q, .node-action {
        font-size: 11px;
        min-height: 44px;
        padding: 4px 2px;
      }
      .root-node {
        font-size: 13px;
        padding: 6px 14px;
      }
      .detail-desc {
        font-size: 11.5px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="flow-container">
    
    <div class="root-node">Outlier Detected</div>

    
    <svg class="connectors" viewBox="0 0 300 38" preserveAspectRatio="none">
      <g class="branch-1"><path class="path-line" d="M 150,0 C 150,20 50,18 50,38" /></g>
      <g class="branch-2"><path class="path-line" d="M 150,0 L 150,38" /></g>
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        <div class="node-q">Measurement / Entry Error?</div>
        <div class="arrow-down">▼</div>
        <div class="node-action">Correction / Discard</div>
      </div>

      
      <div class="branch-col b-sampling" data-index="1" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Sampling Error or Wrong Population">
        <div class="node-q">Sampling Error / Wrong Pop.?</div>
        <div class="arrow-down">▼</div>
        <div class="node-action">Exclude &amp; Document</div>
      </div>

      
      <div class="branch-col b-legit" data-index="2" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Legitimate Extreme Event">
        <div class="node-q">Legitimate Extreme Event?</div>
        <div class="arrow-down">▼</div>
        <div class="node-action">Retain &amp; Analyze</div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
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      </div>
      <p class="detail-desc" id="detailDesc">
        Caused by equipment malfunction, typographical typos, or invalid recording values.
      </p>
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        <strong>Action:</strong> Fix value if original log exists; otherwise drop from dataset.
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #ffffff;
      color: #1e2945;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      min-height: 100%;
      padding: 12px 16px;
      user-select: none;
    }
    .header-tag {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      padding: 4px 12px;
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-radius: 9999px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #475569;
      margin-bottom: 4px;
    }
    .svg-wrap {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 640px;
      position: relative;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      display: block;
      overflow: visible;
    }
    .interactive-panel {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 580px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 12px;
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 8px 14px;
      margin-top: 4px;
    }
    .slider-wrap {
      flex: 1;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 10px;
    }
    .slider-label {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #64748b;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }
    input[type=range] {
      flex: 1;
      accent-color: #2563eb;
      cursor: pointer;
    }
    .readout {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 4px 10px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      white-space: nowrap;
      min-width: 120px;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .readout.normal {
      background: #e0f2fe;
      color: #0369a1;
    }
    .readout.outlier {
      background: #fee2e2;
      color: #dc2626;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="header-tag">
    <span>Empirical Rule & Outliers</span>
  </div>

  <div class="svg-wrap">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 640 320" id="distSvg">
      <defs>
        
        <linearGradient id="centerGrad" x1="0%" y1="0%" x2="0%" y2="100%">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#38bdf8" stop-opacity="0.45" />
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#bae6fd" stop-opacity="0.15" />
        </linearGradient>
        <linearGradient id="outlierGrad" x1="0%" y1="0%" x2="0%" y2="100%">
          <stop offset="0%" stop-color="#ef4444" stop-opacity="0.5" />
          <stop offset="100%" stop-color="#fecaca" stop-opacity="0.2" />
        </linearGradient>
      </defs>

      
      <path id="leftTail" fill="url(#outlierGrad)" />
      <path id="centerArea" fill="url(#centerGrad)" />
      <path id="rightTail" fill="url(#outlierGrad)" />

      
      <path id="curveLine" fill="none" stroke="#1e293b" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-linecap="round" />

      
      <line id="divL" stroke="#ef4444" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="3 3" />
      <line id="divR" stroke="#ef4444" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="3 3" />

      
      <line x1="30" y1="250" x2="610" y2="250" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" />

      
      <g id="axisTicks"></g>

      
      <g transform="translate(320, 160)" text-anchor="middle">
        <rect x="-95" y="-18" width="190" height="34" rx="8" fill="#ffffff" fill-opacity="0.92" stroke="#bae6fd" stroke-width="1.5" />
        <text y="4" font-size="14" font-weight="700" fill="#0369a1">99.7% Expected Data</text>
      </g>

      
      <g transform="translate(565, 80)" text-anchor="middle">
        <rect x="-65" y="-22" width="130" height="38" rx="6" fill="#fef2f2" stroke="#fca5a5" stroke-width="1.2" />
        <text y="-6" font-size="11" font-weight="700" fill="#dc2626">Outlier Zone</text>
        <text y="10" font-size="11" font-weight="600" fill="#dc2626">(|z| &gt; 3)</text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="exampleCallout">
        <circle id="calloutDot" cx="559.4" cy="249.4" r="5" fill="#dc2626" stroke="#ffffff" stroke-width="2" />
        <path d="M 559.4 245 L 530 195" fill="none" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="1.5" />
        <g transform="translate(520, 175)">
          <rect x="-95" y="-22" width="190" height="34" rx="6" fill="#dc2626" />
          <text y="-2" text-anchor="middle" font-size="12" font-weight="700" fill="#ffffff">x = 142 (z = 3.42, Outlier)</text>
        </g>
      </g>

      
      <g id="inspectGroup" style="display:none;">
        <circle id="inspectDot" r="6" stroke="#ffffff" stroke-width="2" />
        <line id="inspectLine" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-dasharray="2 2" />
      </g>
    </svg>
  </div>

  <div class="interactive-panel">
    <div class="slider-wrap">
      <span class="slider-label">Explore z-score:</span>
      <input type="range" id="zSlider" min="-4" max="4" step="0.05" value="3.42">
    </div>
    <div id="statusBadge" class="readout outlier">z = 3.42 (Outlier)</div>
  </div>

  <script>
    // Geometry & Math mapping
    const svgWidth = 640;
    const baselineY = 250;
    const peakHeight = 190;
    const xMin = 40;
    const xMax = 600;
    const zMin = -4;
    const zMax = 4;

    function zToX(z) {
      return xMin + ((z - zMin) / (zMax - zMin)) * (xMax - xMin);
    }

    function normPdf(z) {
      return Math.exp(-0.5 * z * z);
    }

    function zToY(z) {
      return baselineY - peakHeight * normPdf(z);
    }

    // Build Curve Path Segments
    function buildPath(zStart, zEnd, step = 0.05) {
      let d = '';
      for (let z = zStart; z <= zEnd + 0.001; z += step) {
        const x = zToX(z);
        const y = zToY(z);
        d += (d === '' ? `M ${x.toFixed(1)} ${y.toFixed(1)}` : ` L ${x.toFixed(1)} ${y.toFixed(1)}`);
      }
      return d;
    }

    function buildAreaPath(zStart, zEnd, step = 0.05) {
      const startX = zToX(zStart);
      const endX = zToX(zEnd);
      let d = `M ${startX.toFixed(1)} ${baselineY}`;
      for (let z = zStart; z <= zEnd + 0.001; z += step) {
        const x = zToX(z);
        const y = zToY(z);
        d += ` L ${x.toFixed(1)} ${y.toFixed(1)}`;
      }
      d += ` L ${endX.toFixed(1)} ${baselineY} Z`;
      return d;
    }

    // Draw static distribution shapes
    document.getElementById('leftTail').setAttribute('d', buildAreaPath(-4, -3));
    document.getElementById('centerArea').setAttribute('d', buildAreaPath(-3, 3));
    document.getElementById('rightTail').setAttribute('d', buildAreaPath(3, 4));
    document.getElementById('curveLine').setAttribute('d', buildPath(-4, 4));

    // Set boundary dividers with full explicit (x1, y1, x2, y2)
    const divL = document.getElementById('divL');
    divL.setAttribute('x1', zToX(-3));
    divL.setAttribute('y1', baselineY);
    divL.setAttribute('x2', zToX(-3));
    divL.setAttribute('y2', zToY(-3));

    const divR = document.getElementById('divR');
    divR.setAttribute('x1', zToX(3));
    divR.setAttribute('y1', baselineY);
    divR.setAttribute('x2', zToX(3));
    divR.setAttribute('y2', zToY(3));

    // Draw Axis Ticks & Labels
    const ticksGroup = document.getElementById('axisTicks');
    for (let z = -4; z <= 4; z++) {
      const x = zToX(z);
      
      // Tick line
      const tick = document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'line');
      tick.setAttribute('x1', x);
      tick.setAttribute('y1', baselineY);
      tick.setAttribute('x2', x);
      tick.setAttribute('y2', baselineY + 6);
      tick.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');
      tick.setAttribute('stroke-width', '1.5');
      ticksGroup.appendChild(tick);

      // Label text
      const txt = document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'text');
      txt.setAttribute('x', x);
      txt.setAttribute('y', baselineY + 22);
      txt.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');
      txt.setAttribute('font-size', '13');
      txt.setAttribute('font-weight', Math.abs(z) === 3 ? '700' : '500');
      txt.setAttribute('fill', Math.abs(z) > 3 ? '#dc2626' : (Math.abs(z) === 3 ? '#b91c1c' : '#475569'));
      txt.textContent = z > 0 ? `+${z}` : `${z}`;
      ticksGroup.appendChild(txt);
    }

    // Axis Title
    const axisTitle = document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', 'text');
    axisTitle.setAttribute('x', 320);
    axisTitle.setAttribute('y', baselineY + 44);
    axisTitle.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');
    axisTitle.setAttribute('font-size', '12');
    axisTitle.setAttribute('font-weight', '600');
    axisTitle.setAttribute('fill', '#94a3b8');
    axisTitle.textContent = 'Standard Deviations (z-score)';
    ticksGroup.appendChild(axisTitle);

    // Interactive Slider Handler
    const slider = document.getElementById('zSlider');
    const badge = document.getElementById('statusBadge');
    const inspectGroup = document.getElementById('inspectGroup');
    const inspectDot = document.getElementById('inspectDot');
    const inspectLine = document.getElementById('inspectLine');
    const exampleCallout = document.getElementById('exampleCallout');

    function updateInspector(zVal) {
      const isOutlier = Math.abs(zVal) > 3;
      const isDefault = Math.abs(zVal - 3.42) < 0.05;

      if (isDefault) {
        exampleCallout.style.display = 'block';
        inspectGroup.style.display = 'none';
      } else {
        exampleCallout.style.display = 'none';
        inspectGroup.style.display = 'block';

        const x = zToX(zVal);
        const y = zToY(zVal);
        const color = isOutlier ? '#dc2626' : '#0284c7';

        inspectDot.setAttribute('cx', x);
        inspectDot.setAttribute('cy', y);
        inspectDot.setAttribute('fill', color);

        inspectLine.setAttribute('x1', x);
        inspectLine.setAttribute('y1', baselineY);
        inspectLine.setAttribute('x2', x);
        inspectLine.setAttribute('y2', y);
        inspectLine.setAttribute('stroke', color);
      }

      badge.className = `readout ${isOutlier ? 'outlier' : 'normal'}`;
      const sign = zVal > 0 ? '+' : '';
      badge.textContent = `z = ${sign}${Number(zVal).toFixed(2)} (${isOutlier ? 'Outlier' : 'Expected'})`;
    }

    slider.addEventListener('input', (e) => {
      updateInspector(parseFloat(e.target.value));
    });
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
    }
    body {
      font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8f9fa;
      color: #1e2945;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: flex-start;
      min-height: 100%;
      padding: 10px 8px;
    }
    .nav-bar {
      display: flex;
      gap: 6px;
      margin-bottom: 12px;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
      justify-content: center;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
    .tab-btn {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 6px;
      padding: 6px 12px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #1e2945;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background-color 0.15s, color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .tab-btn:hover {
      background: #e2e8f0;
    }
    .tab-btn.active {
      background: #1e2945;
      color: #ffffff;
      border-color: #1e2945;
    }
    .diagram-wrapper {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
    }
    svg {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      display: block;
      overflow: visible;
    }
    /* Scaled and legible text styles */
    .label {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      fill: #1e2945;
      text-anchor: middle;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .sub-label {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      fill: #475569;
      text-anchor: middle;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .axis-label {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 700;
      fill: #334155;
      text-anchor: middle;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .fence-text {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 800;
      fill: #dc2626;
      text-anchor: middle;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .fence-sub {
      font-size: 11.5px;
      font-weight: 700;
      fill: #ef4444;
      text-anchor: middle;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .outlier-text {
      font-size: 12.5px;
      font-weight: 800;
      fill: #dc2626;
      text-anchor: middle;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .legend-text {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 600;
      font-family: inherit;
    }
    .anim-fade {
      transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
    }
    .dimmed {
      opacity: 0.12;
    }

    @media (max-width: 420px) {
      body {
        padding: 6px 4px;
      }
      .tab-btn {
        padding: 5px 8px;
        font-size: 12px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="nav-bar">
    <button class="tab-btn active" id="btn-all">Overview</button>
    <button class="tab-btn" id="btn-iqr">1. Box & IQR</button>
    <button class="tab-btn" id="btn-fences">2. Tukey's Fences</button>
    <button class="tab-btn" id="btn-outliers">3. Outliers</button>
  </div>

  <div class="diagram-wrapper">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 620 310" id="diagram-svg" aria-label="Tukey's Fences Boxplot Diagram">
      <defs>
        <marker id="arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="5" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto">
          <path d="M 0 0 L 10 5 L 0 10 z" fill="#dc2626" />
        </marker>
        <pattern id="fence-zone" width="8" height="8" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse" patternTransform="rotate(45)">
          <line x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="8" stroke="#fecaca" stroke-width="3" />
        </pattern>
      </defs>

      
      <g id="grp-zones" class="anim-fade">
        <rect x="495" y="42" width="115" height="170" fill="url(#fence-zone)" rx="4" opacity="0.8" />
        <rect x="10" y="42" width="65" height="170" fill="url(#fence-zone)" rx="4" opacity="0.8" />
      </g>

      
      <g id="grp-axis">
        <line x1="15" y1="216" x2="605" y2="216" stroke="#94a3b8" stroke-width="2" />
        
        <g stroke="#64748b" stroke-width="2">
          <line x1="75" y1="216" x2="75" y2="223" />
          <line x1="125" y1="216" x2="125" y2="223" />
          <line x1="215" y1="216" x2="215" y2="223" />
          <line x1="290" y1="216" x2="290" y2="223" />
          <line x1="390" y1="216" x2="390" y2="223" />
          <line x1="465" y1="216" x2="465" y2="223" />
          <line x1="495" y1="216" x2="495" y2="223" />
        </g>
        <text class="axis-label" x="75" y="238">LF</text>
        <text class="axis-label" x="125" y="238">Min</text>
        <text class="axis-label" x="215" y="238">Q1</text>
        <text class="axis-label" x="290" y="238">Median</text>
        <text class="axis-label" x="390" y="238">Q3</text>
        <text class="axis-label" x="465" y="238">Max</text>
        <text class="axis-label" x="495" y="238">UF</text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="grp-whiskers" class="anim-fade">
        
        <line x1="125" y1="135" x2="215" y2="135" stroke="#1e2945" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-dasharray="4,3" />
        <line x1="125" y1="112" x2="125" y2="158" stroke="#1e2945" stroke-width="3" stroke-linecap="round" />
        <text class="sub-label" x="125" y="103">Min valid</text>

        
        <line x1="390" y1="135" x2="465" y2="135" stroke="#1e2945" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-dasharray="4,3" />
        <line x1="465" y1="112" x2="465" y2="158" stroke="#1e2945" stroke-width="3" stroke-linecap="round" />
        <text class="sub-label" x="465" y="103">Max valid</text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="grp-box" class="anim-fade">
        <rect x="215" y="88" width="175" height="94" fill="#e0f2fe" stroke="#1e2945" stroke-width="2.5" rx="3" />
        
        
        <line x1="290" y1="88" x2="290" y2="182" stroke="#0284c7" stroke-width="3.5" />
        <text class="label" x="290" y="78" fill="#0284c7">Median</text>
        
        
        <text class="label" x="215" y="78">Q1</text>
        <text class="label" x="390" y="78">Q3</text>

        
        <path d="M 217 186 L 217 196 L 302.5 196 L 302.5 204 L 302.5 196 L 388 196 L 388 186" fill="none" stroke="#2563eb" stroke-width="2" />
        <text class="label" x="302.5" y="214" fill="#2563eb">IQR = Q3 − Q1</text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="grp-fences" class="anim-fade">
        
        <line x1="75" y1="46" x2="75" y2="204" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2.2" stroke-dasharray="6,4" />
        <text class="fence-text" x="75" y="22">Lower Fence</text>
        <text class="fence-sub" x="75" y="38">Q1 − 1.5(IQR)</text>

        
        <line x1="495" y1="46" x2="495" y2="204" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2.2" stroke-dasharray="6,4" />
        <text class="fence-text" x="495" y="22">Upper Fence</text>
        <text class="fence-sub" x="495" y="38">Q3 + 1.5(IQR)</text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="grp-outliers" class="anim-fade">
        
        <circle cx="540" cy="135" r="7" fill="#dc2626" stroke="#991b1b" stroke-width="2" />
        
        
        <circle cx="580" cy="135" r="7" fill="#dc2626" stroke="#991b1b" stroke-width="2" />
        
        
        <path d="M 560 98 L 560 118" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2" marker-end="url(#arrow-down)" />
        <text class="outlier-text" x="560" y="76">Statistical</text>
        <text class="outlier-text" x="560" y="92">Outliers</text>
      </g>

      
      <g id="grp-legend" transform="translate(90, 264)">
        <rect x="0" y="0" width="440" height="32" rx="6" fill="#f1f5f9" stroke="#cbd5e1" stroke-width="1.5" />
        
        
        <rect x="18" y="10" width="16" height="12" fill="#e0f2fe" stroke="#1e2945" stroke-width="1.5" />
        <text class="legend-text" x="40" y="20" fill="#1e2945">Middle 50%</text>

        
        <line x1="145" y1="16" x2="170" y2="16" stroke="#dc2626" stroke-width="2.2" stroke-dasharray="4,3" />
        <text class="legend-text" x="178" y="20" fill="#dc2626">1.5 × IQR Limit</text>

        
        <circle cx="312" cy="16" r="5.5" fill="#dc2626" stroke="#991b1b" stroke-width="1.5" />
        <text class="legend-text" x="326" y="20" fill="#dc2626">Outliers</text>
      </g>
    </svg>
  </div>

  <script>
    const btnAll = document.getElementById('btn-all');
    const btnIqr = document.getElementById('btn-iqr');
    const btnFences = document.getElementById('btn-fences');
    const btnOutliers = document.getElementById('btn-outliers');

    const grpBox = document.getElementById('grp-box');
    const grpWhiskers = document.getElementById('grp-whiskers');
    const grpFences = document.getElementById('grp-fences');
    const grpOutliers = document.getElementById('grp-outliers');
    const grpZones = document.getElementById('grp-zones');

    const buttons = [btnAll, btnIqr, btnFences, btnOutliers];

    function setActiveTab(btn) {
      buttons.forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));
      btn.classList.add('active');
    }

    function setViewState(state) {
      [grpBox, grpWhiskers, grpFences, grpOutliers, grpZones].forEach(el => el.classList.remove('dimmed'));

      if (state === 'iqr') {
        grpFences.classList.add('dimmed');
        grpOutliers.classList.add('dimmed');
        grpZones.classList.add('dimmed');
      } else if (state === 'fences') {
        grpWhiskers.classList.add('dimmed');
        grpOutliers.classList.add('dimmed');
      } else if (state === 'outliers') {
        grpWhiskers.classList.add('dimmed');
      }
    }

    btnAll.addEventListener('click', () => {
      setActiveTab(btnAll);
      setViewState('all');
    });

    btnIqr.addEventListener('click', () => {
      setActiveTab(btnIqr);
      setViewState('iqr');
    });

    btnFences.addEventListener('click', () => {
      setActiveTab(btnFences);
      setViewState('fences');
    });

    btnOutliers.addEventListener('click', () => {
      setActiveTab(btnOutliers);
      setViewState('outliers');
    });
  </script>
</body>
</html>

OGM.13.STA.2

Aligned learning resources

Related diagrams