<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <script src="{{VENDOR_CDN}}/classace-diagram.js"></script>
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
    }

    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #0f172a;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 12px;
      min-height: 100%;
      user-select: none;
    }

    /* Equation Bar */
    .equation-container {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 4px 6px;
      background: #ffffff;
      padding: 10px 8px;
      border-radius: 12px;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    }

    .eq-chip {
      padding: 5px 10px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 700;
      cursor: pointer;
      border: 1.5px solid transparent;
      transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, opacity 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .op {
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 800;
      color: #64748b;
      padding: 0 2px;
      user-select: none;
    }

    /* Color Roles */
    .chip-topic {
      background: #eff6ff;
      color: #1d4ed8;
      border-color: #bfdbfe;
    }
    .chip-mech {
      background: #faf5ff;
      color: #7e22ce;
      border-color: #e9d5ff;
    }
    .chip-cat-a {
      background: #f0fdf4;
      color: #15803d;
      border-color: #bbf7d0;
    }
    .chip-cat-b {
      background: #fff1f2;
      color: #be123c;
      border-color: #fecdd3;
    }

    .eq-chip.active {
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #0f172a;
    }

    .eq-chip.dimmed, .sent-part.dimmed {
      opacity: 0.3;
      filter: grayscale(0.5);
    }

    /* Sentence Breakdown Board */
    .sentence-card {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 14px 12px;
      line-height: 2.1;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #1e293b;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
      word-break: normal;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .sent-part {
      display: inline;
      padding: 3px 7px;
      margin: 2px 1px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background-color 0.2s ease, opacity 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
      font-weight: 600;
      -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
      box-decoration-break: clone;
    }

    .part-topic {
      background: #dbeafe;
      color: #1e40af;
      border-bottom: 2px solid #3b82f6;
    }

    .part-mech {
      background: #f3e8ff;
      color: #6b21a8;
      border-bottom: 2px solid #a855f7;
    }

    .part-cat-a {
      background: #dcfce7;
      color: #166534;
      border-bottom: 2px solid #22c55e;
    }

    .part-cat-b {
      background: #ffe4e6;
      color: #9f1239;
      border-bottom: 2px solid #f43f5e;
    }

    .sent-part.active {
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #0f172a;
    }

    /* Active Detail Tag */
    .status-panel {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 8px 10px;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 9px 12px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .status-label {
      color: #0f172a;
      flex: 1 1 auto;
      min-width: 140px;
      line-height: 1.35;
      word-break: break-word;
    }

    .tag-badge {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      padding: 4px 9px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
      border: 1.5px solid transparent;
      white-space: nowrap;
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }

    /* Controls */
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 8px;
    }

    .btn-step {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #94a3b8;
      color: #0f172a;
      padding: 7px 14px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
    }

    .btn-step:hover {
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-color: #64748b;
    }

    .btn-step.primary {
      background: #0284c7;
      border-color: #0369a1;
      color: #ffffff;
    }

    .btn-step.primary:hover {
      background: #0369a1;
    }

    @media (min-width: 500px) {
      body {
        padding: 16px;
        gap: 14px;
      }
      .equation-container {
        gap: 6px 8px;
        padding: 12px 14px;
      }
      .eq-chip {
        font-size: 13px;
        padding: 6px 12px;
      }
      .op {
        font-size: 15px;
      }
      .sentence-card {
        font-size: 16px;
        line-height: 2.1;
        padding: 20px 18px;
      }
      .status-panel {
        font-size: 14px;
        padding: 12px 16px;
        flex-wrap: nowrap;
      }
      .tag-badge {
        font-size: 12px;
        padding: 4px 10px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="equation-container">
    <div class="eq-chip chip-topic" data-target="0">Topic</div>
    <div class="op">+</div>
    <div class="eq-chip chip-mech" data-target="1">Mechanism</div>
    <div class="op">+</div>
    <div class="eq-chip chip-cat-a" data-target="2">Category A</div>
    <div class="op">+</div>
    <div class="eq-chip chip-cat-b" data-target="3">Category B</div>
    <div class="op">=</div>
    <div class="eq-chip" style="background:#e2e8f0; color:#0f172a; border-color:#94a3b8;" data-target="all">Thesis</div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="sentence-card">
    <span class="sent-part part-topic" data-target="0">Modern search engines deliver instant results</span>
    <span class="sent-part part-mech" data-target="1">by indexing billions of web pages,</span>
    <span class="sent-part part-cat-a" data-target="2">utilizing ranking algorithms,</span>
    <span style="color:#475569; font-weight:600;">and</span>
    <span class="sent-part part-cat-b" data-target="3">personalizing search history.</span>
  </div>

  
  <div class="status-panel">
    <span class="status-label" id="roleLabel">Focus: Full Explanatory Thesis</span>
    <span class="tag-badge" id="roleBadge" style="background:#f1f5f9; color:#0f172a; border-color:#cbd5e1;">All Combined</span>
  </div>

  
  <div class="controls">
    <button class="btn-step" id="prevBtn" type="button">← Prev</button>
    <button class="btn-step primary" id="autoBtn" type="button">▶ Auto Play</button>
    <button class="btn-step" id="nextBtn" type="button">Next →</button>
  </div>

  <script>
    const steps = [
      {
        name: 'Specific Topic',
        color: '#eff6ff',
        textColor: '#1d4ed8',
        border: '#bfdbfe',
        badge: 'Topic',
        selector: '0'
      },
      {
        name: 'Primary Mechanism ("by / through")',
        color: '#faf5ff',
        textColor: '#7e22ce',
        border: '#e9d5ff',
        badge: 'Mechanism',
        selector: '1'
      },
      {
        name: 'Analytical Category A',
        color: '#f0fdf4',
        textColor: '#15803d',
        border: '#bbf7d0',
        badge: 'Category A',
        selector: '2'
      },
      {
        name: 'Analytical Category B',
        color: '#fff1f2',
        textColor: '#be123c',
        border: '#fecdd3',
        badge: 'Category B',
        selector: '3'
      },
      {
        name: 'Full Explanatory Thesis',
        color: '#f1f5f9',
        textColor: '#0f172a',
        border: '#94a3b8',
        badge: 'All Combined',
        selector: 'all'
      }
    ];

    let currentStep = 4;
    let timer = null;

    const eqChips = document.querySelectorAll('.eq-chip');
    const sentParts = document.querySelectorAll('.sent-part');
    const roleLabel = document.getElementById('roleLabel');
    const roleBadge = document.getElementById('roleBadge');
    const autoBtn = document.getElementById('autoBtn');
    const prevBtn = document.getElementById('prevBtn');
    const nextBtn = document.getElementById('nextBtn');

    function render(index) {
      currentStep = index;
      const step = steps[index];

      // Update badge & label
      roleLabel.textContent = `Focus: ${step.name}`;
      roleBadge.textContent = step.badge;
      roleBadge.style.backgroundColor = step.color;
      roleBadge.style.color = step.textColor;
      roleBadge.style.borderColor = step.border;

      // Update chips & sentence parts
      eqChips.forEach(chip => {
        const target = chip.getAttribute('data-target');
        if (step.selector === 'all') {
          chip.classList.remove('dimmed', 'active');
          if (target === 'all') chip.classList.add('active');
        } else if (target === step.selector) {
          chip.classList.add('active');
          chip.classList.remove('dimmed');
        } else {
          chip.classList.remove('active');
          chip.classList.add('dimmed');
        }
      });

      sentParts.forEach(part => {
        const target = part.getAttribute('data-target');
        if (step.selector === 'all') {
          part.classList.remove('dimmed', 'active');
        } else if (target === step.selector) {
          part.classList.add('active');
          part.classList.remove('dimmed');
        } else {
          part.classList.remove('active');
          part.classList.add('dimmed');
        }
      });
    }

    function setStep(idx) {
      stopAuto();
      render((idx + steps.length) % steps.length);
    }

    function startAuto() {
      if (timer) return;
      autoBtn.textContent = '⏸ Pause';
      autoBtn.classList.remove('primary');
      timer = setInterval(() => {
        currentStep = (currentStep + 1) % steps.length;
        render(currentStep);
      }, 3000);
    }

    function stopAuto() {
      if (timer) {
        clearInterval(timer);
        timer = null;
        autoBtn.textContent = '▶ Auto Play';
        autoBtn.classList.add('primary');
      }
    }

    // Event Listeners
    eqChips.forEach(chip => {
      chip.addEventListener('click', () => {
        const target = chip.getAttribute('data-target');
        const idx = target === 'all' ? 4 : parseInt(target, 10);
        setStep(idx);
      });
    });

    sentParts.forEach(part => {
      part.addEventListener('click', () => {
        const target = part.getAttribute('data-target');
        const idx = parseInt(target, 10);
        setStep(idx);
      });
    });

    prevBtn.addEventListener('click', () => setStep(currentStep - 1));
    nextBtn.addEventListener('click', () => setStep(currentStep + 1));
    autoBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
      if (timer) {
        stopAuto();
      } else {
        startAuto();
      }
    });

    // Initialize
    render(4);
  </script>
</body>
</html>

Crafting Complex Thesis Statements for Explanatory Essays

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <title>Flat Thesis vs Multi-Faceted Thesis</title>
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }

    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: transparent;
      color: #1e2945;
      padding: 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 12px;
      width: 100%;
    }

    .grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 12px;
      width: 100%;
    }

    @media (max-width: 540px) {
      .grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      }
    }

    .card-item {
      background: #ffffff;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 14px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 12px;
      border: 2px solid transparent;
      transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease;
    }

    /* Left Card: Red/Amber warning style */
    .card-flat {
      border-color: #fecaca;
      background: #fffafa;
    }

    /* Right Card: Emerald success style */
    .card-faceted {
      border-color: #a7f3d0;
      background: #f0fdf4;
    }

    .card-header {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 8px;
    }

    .card-title {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    }

    .flat-title { color: #dc2626; }
    .faceted-title { color: #059669; }

    .stamp {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 3px 8px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      letter-spacing: 0.3px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .stamp-red {
      background: #fee2e2;
      color: #b91c1c;
      border: 1px dashed #ef4444;
    }

    .stamp-emerald {
      background: #d1fae5;
      color: #065f46;
      border: 1px solid #10b981;
    }

    .quote-box {
      font-size: 14px;
      line-height: 1.45;
      padding: 10px 12px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #334155;
    }

    .quote-box em {
      font-style: italic;
      color: #0f172a;
    }

    .pill-list {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    .pill-btn {
      appearance: none;
      border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
      background: #ffffff;
      border-radius: 6px;
      padding: 6px 10px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      text-align: left;
      cursor: pointer;
      color: #0f172a;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }

    .pill-btn:hover {
      border-color: #10b981;
      background: #ecfdf5;
    }

    .pill-btn.active {
      background: #10b981;
      color: #ffffff;
      border-color: #059669;
    }

    .pill-badge {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: 2px 6px;
      border-radius: 4px;
      background: #f1f5f9;
      color: #475569;
    }

    .pill-btn.active .pill-badge {
      background: #064e3b;
      color: #a7f3d0;
    }

    .tag-row {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    .tag {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 600;
      padding: 3px 8px;
      border-radius: 999px;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px;
    }

    .tag-flat {
      background: #fef2f2;
      color: #991b1b;
      border: 1px solid #fecaca;
    }

    .tag-faceted {
      background: #ecfdf5;
      color: #065f46;
      border: 1px solid #a7f3d0;
    }

    /* Essay Forecast Preview Panel */
    .preview-bar {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 10px 12px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 8px;
    }

    .preview-label {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #64748b;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    }

    .preview-target {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #059669;
      background: #d1fae5;
      padding: 4px 10px;
      border-radius: 6px;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 5px;
    }

    .dead-end-label {
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #dc2626;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="grid">
    
    <div class="card-item card-flat">
      <div class="card-header">
        <span class="card-title flat-title">Flat Thesis</span>
        <span class="stamp stamp-red">Too Vague (No forecast)</span>
      </div>

      <div class="quote-box">
        “Cities get hotter than rural areas.”
      </div>

      <div class="tag-row">
        <span class="tag tag-flat">✕ No Mechanism</span>
        <span class="tag tag-flat">✕ No Road Map</span>
      </div>

      <div class="preview-bar" style="background:#fff5f5; border-color:#fecaca;">
        <span class="preview-label">Forecast</span>
        <span class="dead-end-label">🚫 No direction given</span>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="card-item card-faceted">
      <div class="card-header">
        <span class="card-title faceted-title">Multi-Faceted Thesis</span>
        <span class="stamp stamp-emerald">✓ Complete GPS Map</span>
      </div>

      <div class="quote-box">
        “Urban centers develop severe heat islands through...”
      </div>

      
      <div class="pill-list" id="forecastPills">
        <button class="pill-btn active" onclick="selectForecast(0)">
          <span>1. Dark pavement</span>
          <span class="pill-badge">Body ¶1</span>
        </button>
        <button class="pill-btn" onclick="selectForecast(1)">
          <span>2. Reduced vegetation</span>
          <span class="pill-badge">Body ¶2</span>
        </button>
        <button class="pill-btn" onclick="selectForecast(2)">
          <span>3. Vehicle emissions</span>
          <span class="pill-badge">Body ¶3</span>
        </button>
      </div>

      <div class="tag-row">
        <span class="tag tag-faceted">✓ Topic Defined</span>
        <span class="tag tag-faceted">✓ Mechanism Clear</span>
        <span class="tag tag-faceted">✓ 3 Forecasted ¶s</span>
      </div>

      <div class="preview-bar">
        <span class="preview-label">Essay Map</span>
        <span class="preview-target" id="previewText">➔ Body ¶1: Dark pavement</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <script>
    const points = [
      { num: '¶1', text: 'Body ¶1: Dark pavement' },
      { num: '¶2', text: 'Body ¶2: Reduced vegetation' },
      { num: '¶3', text: 'Body ¶3: Vehicle emissions' }
    ];

    function selectForecast(index) {
      const buttons = document.querySelectorAll('#forecastPills .pill-btn');
      buttons.forEach((btn, idx) => {
        btn.classList.toggle('active', idx === index);
      });
      const preview = document.getElementById('previewText');
      preview.textContent = '➔ ' + points[index].text;
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Thesis as a Roadmap</title>
  <style>
    * { 
      box-sizing: border-box; 
      margin: 0; 
      padding: 0; 
    }

    body {
      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #0f172a;
      width: 100%;
      min-height: 100vh;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
      padding: 16px 12px;
      user-select: none;
    }

    .container {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 620px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 14px;
    }

    .header-area {
      text-align: center;
      padding: 0 4px;
    }

    .main-title {
      font-size: 18px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #0f172a;
      letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    }

    .sub-title {
      font-size: 12.5px;
      color: #475569;
      margin-top: 3px;
      font-weight: 500;
      line-height: 1.35;
    }

    .diagram-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 50px 1.25fr;
      align-items: center;
      width: 100%;
      position: relative;
    }

    /* Thesis Card (Left) */
    .thesis-card {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 14px 12px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    }

    .card-title {
      font-size: 11px;
      font-weight: 700;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
      color: #475569;
      text-align: center;
      border-bottom: 1px dashed #cbd5e1;
      padding-bottom: 6px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .badge-btn {
      appearance: none;
      border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 11px 12px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      text-align: left;
      cursor: pointer;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      white-space: nowrap;
      transition: background-color 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
      background: #f8fafc;
      color: #334155;
      gap: 6px;
    }

    /* Right Stack */
    .body-stack {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 10px;
    }

    .body-card {
      background: #f8fafc;
      border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 8px;
      padding: 11px 12px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #334155;
      cursor: pointer;
      white-space: nowrap;
      transition: background-color 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
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    .cat-indicator {
      display: inline-block;
      width: 8px;
      height: 8px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      flex-shrink: 0;
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    .card-label-group {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 8px;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .badge-arrow {
      flex-shrink: 0;
      font-weight: 700;
      opacity: 0.75;
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    /* Color Themes - Active States */
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      color: #1e3a8a;
    }
    .badge-btn.theme-a .cat-indicator, .body-card.theme-a .cat-indicator {
      background-color: #2563eb;
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    .theme-a.active {
      background: #eff6ff;
      border-color: #2563eb;
      color: #1d4ed8;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2.5px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.2), 0 3px 8px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.12);
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    .badge-btn.theme-b, .body-card.theme-b {
      color: #14532d;
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    .badge-btn.theme-b .cat-indicator, .body-card.theme-b .cat-indicator {
      background-color: #16a34a;
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    .theme-b.active {
      background: #f0fdf4;
      border-color: #16a34a;
      color: #15803d;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2.5px rgba(22, 163, 74, 0.2), 0 3px 8px rgba(22, 163, 74, 0.12);
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      color: #78350f;
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    .badge-btn.theme-c .cat-indicator, .body-card.theme-c .cat-indicator {
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      background: #fffbeb;
      border-color: #d97706;
      color: #b45309;
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 2.5px rgba(217, 119, 6, 0.2), 0 3px 8px rgba(217, 119, 6, 0.12);
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    /* Muted but high-contrast inactive state */
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      opacity: 0.72;
      background: #f8fafc;
      border-color: #cbd5e1;
      color: #475569 !important;
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      height: 100%;
      min-height: 160px;
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      opacity: 0.25;
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    .connect-path.active-path {
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    /* Navigation Controls */
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      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 12px;
      padding-top: 4px;
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    .nav-dot {
      width: 12px;
      height: 12px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      border: 2px solid transparent;
      background: #cbd5e1;
      cursor: pointer;
      padding: 0;
      transition: background-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
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    .nav-dot[data-step="0"].active { 
      background: #2563eb; 
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.25);
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    .nav-dot[data-step="1"].active { 
      background: #16a34a; 
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(22, 163, 74, 0.25);
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    .nav-dot[data-step="2"].active { 
      background: #d97706; 
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(217, 119, 6, 0.25);
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    .play-btn {
      background: #ffffff;
      border: 1.5px solid #cbd5e1;
      border-radius: 8px;
      font-size: 11.5px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #334155;
      padding: 4px 10px;
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      transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
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    .play-btn:hover {
      background: #f1f5f9;
      border-color: #94a3b8;
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    /* Responsive Mobile Adjustments */
    @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .diagram-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1.08fr 34px 1.22fr;
      }
      .thesis-card {
        padding: 10px 8px;
        gap: 8px;
        border-radius: 10px;
      }
      .card-title {
        font-size: 10px;
        letter-spacing: 0.3px;
        padding-bottom: 5px;
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      .badge-btn {
        padding: 8px 7px;
        font-size: 11.5px;
        border-radius: 6px;
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      .card-label-group {
        gap: 5px;
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      .cat-indicator {
        width: 6.5px;
        height: 6.5px;
      }
      .body-stack {
        gap: 8px;
      }
      .body-card {
        padding: 8px 7px;
        font-size: 11.5px;
        border-radius: 6px;
      }
      .main-title {
        font-size: 15.5px;
      }
      .sub-title {
        font-size: 11.5px;
      }
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="container">
    <div class="header-area">
      <div class="main-title">Thesis as a Roadmap</div>
      <div class="sub-title">Each category in the thesis directly forecasts a dedicated body paragraph</div>
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    <div class="diagram-grid">
      
      <div class="thesis-card">
        <div class="card-title">Multi-Faceted Thesis</div>
        <button class="badge-btn theme-a" data-cat="0" aria-label="Category A: Blue">
          <span class="card-label-group">
            <span class="cat-indicator"></span>
            <span>Category A</span>
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          <span class="badge-arrow">→</span>
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        <button class="badge-btn theme-b" data-cat="1" aria-label="Category B: Green">
          <span class="card-label-group">
            <span class="cat-indicator"></span>
            <span>Category B</span>
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          <span class="badge-arrow">→</span>
        </button>
        <button class="badge-btn theme-c" data-cat="2" aria-label="Category C: Amber">
          <span class="card-label-group">
            <span class="cat-indicator"></span>
            <span>Category C</span>
          </span>
          <span class="badge-arrow">→</span>
        </button>
      </div>

      
      <svg class="connector-svg" viewBox="0 0 50 170" preserveAspectRatio="none">
        <path id="path0" class="connect-path path-a" d="M 0 38 C 26 38, 24 26, 50 26" />
        <path id="path1" class="connect-path path-b" d="M 0 85 C 25 85, 25 85, 50 85" />
        <path id="path2" class="connect-path path-c" d="M 0 132 C 26 132, 24 144, 50 144" />
      </svg>

      
      <div class="body-stack">
        <div class="body-card theme-a" data-cat="0">
          <span class="card-label-group">
            <span class="cat-indicator"></span>
            <span>Body 1: Category A</span>
          </span>
        </div>
        <div class="body-card theme-b" data-cat="1">
          <span class="card-label-group">
            <span class="cat-indicator"></span>
            <span>Body 2: Category B</span>
          </span>
        </div>
        <div class="body-card theme-c" data-cat="2">
          <span class="card-label-group">
            <span class="cat-indicator"></span>
            <span>Body 3: Category C</span>
          </span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    
    <div class="controls">
      <button class="nav-dot active" data-step="0" title="Category A"></button>
      <button class="nav-dot" data-step="1" title="Category B"></button>
      <button class="nav-dot" data-step="2" title="Category C"></button>
      <button id="playToggle" class="play-btn">⏸ Pause</button>
    </div>
  </div>

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Analyzing Your Audience Before You Write

What Is the Writing Process? From Idea to Final Draft

Identifying Your Writing Purpose: Inform, Persuade, Narrate

Matching Genre to Your Purpose, Topic, and Audience

Choosing and Narrowing a Topic for Your Draft

Brainstorming Ideas Through Discussion with Peers

Using Background Reading to Inform Your Writing

Drawing on Personal Interests to Find Writing Topics

Creating a Preliminary Outline from Your Ideas

Using Graphic Organizers to Plan Your Draft

Planning Your First Draft: Genre, Purpose, and Audience

From Plan to First Draft: Turning Your Outline into Prose

Developing a Controlling Idea That Guides Your Draft

Thesis-Driven Essay Structure: Introduction, Body, Conclusion

Writing a Strong Introduction That Hooks the Reader

Writing Topic Sentences That Guide Each Paragraph

Organizing Ideas Into Logical Paragraphs

Developing Body Paragraphs With Clear Structure

Drafting the Foundation: Thesis, Structure, and Paragraphs

Introducing a Historical Topic Clearly With Preview Statements

Organizing Historical Information Chronologically and Thematically

Incorporating Headings, Graphics, and Multimedia in Social Studies Texts

Developing Topics With Relevant Facts, Definitions, and Concrete Details

Using Domain-Specific Vocabulary in Social Studies Explanations

Explaining Cause-and-Effect Relationships in History

Narrating Historical Events With Chronological Transitions

social-studies

Foundations of Explanatory Writing in Social Studies

Organizing Informative Topics by Category, Cause, and Comparison

Incorporating Hierarchical Headings and Subheadings

Integrating Tables, Charts, and Visual Formatting

Drafting Cohesive Informative Introductions

Informative Architecture: Thesis, Structure, and Formatting

Using Transitions to Create Flow Between Ideas and Paragraphs

Using Transitions to Connect Paragraphs

Ensuring Coherence Within Paragraphs

Ensuring Coherence Across Paragraphs

Adapting Structure to Topic, Context, and Genre

Writing a Conclusion That Brings Closure

Maintaining Logical Order Throughout Your Draft

Revising Drafts for Structure and Coherence: Reordering and Refining

Using a Checklist to Revise and Edit

Unifying and Refining: Transitions, Coherence, and Revision

Explaining Economic Processes and Market Dynamics

Describing Geographic Patterns and Human-Environment Interactions

Explaining Governmental Systems and Constitutional Structures

Quoting and Paraphrasing Informational Texts in Explanations

Maintaining Objective Tone in Informative Social Studies Texts

Writing Synthesized Conclusions for Explanatory Essays

Writing Explanations of Iowa's Agricultural and Industrial History

Evaluating Clarity and Coherence in Informative Peer Drafts

Disciplinary Explanations, Evidence, and Essay Refinement in Social Studies

Delimitación de la temática de un texto narrativo o argumentativo

Identificación del lector, audiencia y adecuación del registro

Formulación de preguntas guía y objetivos de investigación

Criterios de confiabilidad en fuentes impresas y digitales

Organización y almacenamiento digital de fuentes

Técnicas de fichaje: resumen, paráfrasis y comentario

Prevención del plagio académico y propiedad intelectual

Normas de citación directa corta y en bloque

Citación indirecta y paráfrasis con atribución

Elaboración de la lista de referencias bibliográficas

Investigación y gestión de fuentes académicas

Elaboración del plan textual: jerarquización de ideas

Esquemas de secuencias descriptivas y explicativas

Revisión y ajuste del plan textual antes de redactar

Integración de recursos gráficos y tablas en el plan textual

Planificación y estructuración del texto explicativo

Características y estructura del texto explicativo académico

Redacción de introducciones atractivas y planteamiento del problema

Oraciones temáticas y desarrollo del párrafo explicativo

Estrategias de definición y clasificación en la escritura

Estrategias de reformulación, ejemplificación y analogía

Patrones explicativos: causa y efecto

Patrones explicativos: comparación y contraste

Patrones explicativos: problema y solución

Redacción de conclusiones: síntesis y proyecciones

Componentes y estrategias del texto explicativo

Incorporación de terminología técnica y lemas especializados

Elaboración del primer borrador del artículo explicativo

Autoevaluación con rúbricas de producción textual

Evaluación entre pares y retroalimentación formativa

Estrategias de reescritura: eliminación, adición y reordenamiento

Edición final y preparación para la publicación escolar

Redacción, revisión y publicación del artículo explicativo

Revising Word Choice for Precision

Revising Word Choice to Match Tone and Audience

Revising for Sentence Variety

Using a Variety of Sentence Types: Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex

Placing Phrases and Dependent Clauses for Clarity and Effect

Using Peer Review to Strengthen Focus, Structure, and Coherence

Applying Revision Strategies to a Full Draft

Revising Word Choice, Sentence Variety, and Applying Revision Strategies

Planning Text Structure for Different Purposes and Audiences

Selecting Language Features for Imaginative Writing

Selecting Language Features for Persuasive Writing

Selecting Language Features for Analytical Writing

Organising and Expanding Ideas in Drafts

Planning and Drafting Across Genres

Using Literary Devices in Creative Writing

Experimenting with Sentence Patterns for Effect

Creating Imagery and Atmosphere in Literary Texts

Editing for Cohesion and Paragraph Structure

Revising Word Choice for Precision and Tone

Publishing Multimodal Texts with Visual Features

Writing Reflective Texts About Personal Experiences

Crafting, Refining, and Publishing Texts

Writing Quick Source Reflections in a Single Sitting

Drafting Short Timed Civic Opinion Editorials

Writing Daily Historical Bellringers and Exit Tickets

Managing Time Across Multi-Week Social Studies Research Papers

Writing Extended Comparative Historical Essays

Responding to Document-Based Questions Under Time Constraints

Drafting Mock Historical Speeches and Debates

Writing in Shorter Time Frames for Discipline Tasks

Maintaining a Historical Inquiry Journal Over a Semester

Writing for a Range of Discipline-Specific Tasks, Purposes, and Audiences

Routine and Extended Disciplinary Writing Fluency (Grades 6-8)

What Is Informative Writing in Eighth Grade?

Introducing Your Informative Topic Clearly

Organizing Ideas Into Broader Categories

Using Formatting, Graphics, and Multimedia in Informative Writing

Introducing and Organizing Informative Writing

What Is Informative Writing in History and Science?

Introducing a Topic Clearly in Discipline Writing

Previewing What Is to Follow in Informative Writing

Using Headings and Formatting to Structure Discipline Writing

Using Charts, Tables, and Graphics to Aid Comprehension

Incorporating Multimedia Into Discipline Informative Writing

Planning and Structuring Informative Writing in History and Science

Developing Topics With Well-Chosen Facts in Discipline Writing

Using Definitions and Concrete Details to Develop a Topic

Incorporating Quotations in Informative Discipline Writing

Narrating Historical Events in Informative Writing

Describing Scientific Procedures and Experiments in Informative Writing

Explaining Technical Processes in Informative Writing

Developing Topics and Writing Discipline-Specific Informative Texts

Developing Your Topic With Well-Chosen Facts

Using Definitions and Concrete Details in Informative Writing

Drawing Evidence From Informational Texts to Explain

Using Extended Definitions and Examples to Develop Topics

Developing Your Informative Topic with Evidence

Using Varied Transitions in Informative Writing

Creating Cohesion Across Sections of an Informative Piece

Using Precise Language in Informative Writing

Using Domain-Specific Vocabulary in Informative Writing

Establishing a Formal Style in Informative Writing

Maintaining Formal Style Throughout Your Informative Piece

Writing Informative Conclusions That Support Your Explanation

Drafting a Complete Informative Essay

Refining Style and Completing Your Informative Essay

Understanding When Narration Applies in Discipline Writing

Matching Organization to Task, Purpose, and Audience

Adjusting Development and Style for Discipline Audiences

Checking Coherence Across a Full Discipline Piece

Coherence and Narration in Discipline Writing

Drawing Evidence for Analysis in Discipline Writing

Drawing Evidence for Reflection in Discipline Writing

Drawing Evidence for Research in Discipline Writing

Writing Routinely Over Extended Time Frames in Disciplines

Completing a Full Informative Piece in a Discipline

Drawing Evidence and Writing Routinely in Disciplines

The Writing Process: From Idea to First Draft

Choosing Your Writing Purpose and Audience

Selecting a Genre for Your Topic, Purpose, and Audience

Generating Ideas Through Discussion and Background Reading

Building Your Draft From Your Plan

Organizing Your Draft With Purposeful Structure

Writing Engaging Introductions That Hook the Reader

Using Topic Sentences to Guide Each Paragraph

Using Transitions for Coherence Within Paragraphs

Connecting Paragraphs With Effective Transitions

Ensuring Coherence Across Your Entire Draft

Writing Strong Conclusions for Your Draft

Structuring Your Draft for Coherence and Flow

OGE.9.W.3

OGE.9.W.3

Aligned learning resources

Related diagrams