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i62 💰:9.4

i52 💰:7.9

🏆 i67 💰:62.5

i70 💰:125.0

i68 💰:125.0

🏆 i66 💰:75.0

i65 💰:125.0

i63 💰:62.5

i61 💰:75.0

i60 💰:9.4

i60 💰:37.5

i58 💰:62.5

i57 💰:22.5

i57 💰:37.5

i56 💰:45.0

⚡ i55 💰:11.25

i55 💰:37.5

i54 💰:62.5

i52 💰:35.0

i51 💰:37.5

i49 💰:15.0

i49 💰:62.5

i48 💰:11.3

i47 💰:7.5

i44 💰:25.0

i43 💰:37.5

i42 💰:187.5

i40 💰:5.0

i39 💰:100.0

i38 💰:37.5

i37 💰:11.0

i36 💰:187.5

i34 💰:12.5

i33 💰:37.5

i30 💰:1.0

i29 💰:1.5

i28 💰:150.0

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i20 💰:4.0

i18 💰:1.0

i16 💰:25.0

i13 💰:1.5

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Override for the tutor's lesson content generation calls. Auto uses the system default (Claude Sonnet 5 for lesson text, Opus 5 for diagrams).

Lesson generation model

System default

i58 💰:18.8

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i25 💰:31.3

Tutoring abilities

A viral post claims: *"9 out of 10 teens check their phones over 200 times a day!"* But who actually counted?

To know if a headline is reliable, you must track down its **data source** — the specific organization or research team that collected the original numbers.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
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      font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
      background: transparent;
      color: #1e2945;
      padding: 16px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
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      justify-content: space-between;
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</head>
<body>

  <div class="diagram-flow">
    
    <div class="card-stage active" id="stage-0" onclick="setStep(0)">
      <div class="stage-left">
        <div class="stage-icon">📰</div>
        <div class="stage-label">Media Headline</div>
      </div>
      <div class="stage-tag">Claim</div>
    </div>

    <div class="arrow-connector" id="arrow-0">↓</div>

    
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      <div class="stage-left">
        <div class="stage-icon">🔗</div>
        <div class="stage-label">Cited Article</div>
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      <div class="stage-tag">Intermediary</div>
    </div>

    <div class="arrow-connector" id="arrow-1">↓</div>

    
    <div class="card-stage" id="stage-2" onclick="setStep(2)">
      <div class="stage-left">
        <div class="stage-icon">📊</div>
        <div class="stage-label">Original Dataset</div>
      </div>
      <div class="stage-tag">Data Source</div>
    </div>
  </div>

  
  <div class="status-box">
    <span class="status-text" id="status-desc">Step 1: Start at headline claim</span>
    <span class="status-pill pill-search" id="status-badge">Trace 🔍</span>
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  <div class="controls">
    <button class="step-btn" onclick="prevStep()">←</button>
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    <button class="step-btn primary" onclick="nextStep()">Next →</button>
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</html>

Where do digital articles hide this information, and how can you spot it in seconds?

Digital news reports typically cite their data through inline **attribution phrases**, clickable **hyperlinks**, or a small **methodology box** at the bottom.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <title>Identifying Data Sources in Media Reports</title>
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body {
      font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
      background: #f8f9fa;
      color: #1e2945;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      padding: 12px;
      min-height: 100%;
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    /* Controls */
    .controls {
      display: flex;
      gap: 6px;
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      border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
      padding: 6px 12px;
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      cursor: pointer;
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    /* Article Body Wireframe & Text */
    .article-body {
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      gap: 12px;
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      line-height: 1.5;
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    .skeleton-line.short {
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      border-radius: 6px;
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      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      position: relative;
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    /* Attribution phrase */
    .cite-phrase {
      background: #f3f4f6;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #1e2945;
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      cursor: pointer;
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    /* Methodology box */
    .cite-method {
      background: #f9fafb;
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      font-size: 11px;
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      color: #6b7280;
      margin-bottom: 4px;
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    /* Spotlight Focus States */
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    /* Dimming inactive parts */
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  </style>
</head>
<body>

  
  <div class="controls">
    <button class="btn-tab active" data-target="all">All Sources</button>
    <button class="btn-tab" data-target="phrase">1. Attribution</button>
    <button class="btn-tab" data-target="link">2. Hyperlink</button>
    <button class="btn-tab" data-target="method">3. Methodology</button>
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      <div class="article-title">Youth Screen Time Trends</div>
    </div>

    <div class="article-body">
      
      <div id="block-phrase" class="target-box spotlight">
        <span class="badge-label">Attribution Phrase</span>
        <span><strong>According to</strong> a national survey, 72% of teens use tablets daily.</span>
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      <div class="skeleton-line"></div>
      <div class="skeleton-line short"></div>

      
      <div id="block-link" class="target-box spotlight">
        <span class="badge-label">Hyperlink</span>
        <span>Raw datasets released by the <span class="cite-link">Bureau of Statistics ↗</span> show steady growth.</span>
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      <div class="skeleton-line"></div>

      
      <div id="block-method" class="target-box cite-method spotlight">
        <span class="badge-label">Methodology Box</span>
        <div class="method-title">Survey Methodology</div>
        <div>Sample: n = 2,400 | Margin: ±2.1% | May 2024</div>
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A **primary source** is the organization that designed the survey questions and gathered data directly from participants.

The news website, blog, or social media page presenting the story is merely a **secondary reporter** summarizing someone else's research.

A media report rarely conducts its own research; it usually acts as a secondary source citing an external **polling body**, **academic institution**, or government agency like the **Australian Bureau of Statistics**.

A media report rarely conducts **primary research** directly. It typically acts as a secondary source citing an academic institution, polling body, or government agency like the **Australian Bureau of Statistics**.

Let's put this into practice: can you dissect a real-world news excerpt to find who actually ran the numbers?

Consider this excerpt: *"TechDaily reports that teens sleep an average of 6.8 hours on school nights. The figures come from a November survey of 2,400 students conducted by the Health Institute and funded by SleepWell Mattresses."*

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="aspect-ratio" content="4:3">
  <title>Identifying Data Sources</title>
  <style>
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    body {
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      color: #1e2945;
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      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
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    /* Top interactive tabs */
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</head>
<body>

  <div class="flow-container">
    
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        <div class="node node-funder" id="node-funder" onclick="setRole('funder')">
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          <div class="node-emoji">🏥</div>
          <div class="node-name">Health Inst.</div>
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          <div class="node-name">TechDaily</div>
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        Primary Source: Collected raw survey data (2,400 teens)
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In this example, the **Health Institute** is the primary data source that collected the responses, while **TechDaily** is only the secondary outlet reporting it.

A common mistake is citing the news website (*TechDaily*) as the creator of the data. Always look past the publisher to identify the actual research firm.

What happens when a headline makes bold numerical claims without naming any research agency at all?

When an article uses **vague attribution** like *"research shows"* or *"experts say"* without naming the source, you have no way to verify the sample size or calculation methods.

Whenever you encounter a survey statistic online, look for a direct link to the **methodology report** before trusting its averages or conclusions.

math

Identifying Data Sources in Media Reports. Locate and describe the sources of data cited in survey reports from digital media.

Techniques for Random Sampling and Avoiding Bias

How to Understand Statistics and Data in the News: Reading Upstream

Interpret and Discuss Data Displays in Digital Media (AC9M9ST01)

Pedagogical focus for Year 9/10 students under AC9M9ST01 should emphasize 'lateral reading' and 'reading upstream'—teaching students to move beyond the secondary media article to locate the primary survey source. Ensure students evaluate whether summary metrics (means $\bar{x}$ vs. medians $\tilde{x}$) are derived from representative random samples or biased convenience samples, highlighting the impact of sampling method and sample size ($n$) on making valid inferences about population parameters.

Identifying Data Sources in Media Reports

Anatomy of a Media Report

Worked Example: Locating the Source